Shaping International Personalities

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Pallavi Raghavan

In this chapter I wish to consider the patterns of statehood that India and Pakistan chose to emulate, and to enquire deeper into their provenance. In many ways, their approaches to determining the course of their international behavior look remarkably similar: informed by the same objectives, and tempered by the same considerations. What also comes across is the fact that both India and Pakistan accepted a common set of rules about how states ought to behave—their pursuits within these frameworks might have occasionally varied, but their objectives were defined by a common set of concerns.








1966 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 7-11


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil Diesendruck

The tendency to essentialize social groups is universal, and arises early in development. This tendency is associated with negative intergroup attitudes and behaviors, and has thus encouraged the search for remedies for the emergence of essentialism. In this vein, great attention has been devoted to uncovering the cognitive foundations of essentialism. In this chapter, I suggest that attention should also be turned towards the motivational foundations of essentialism. I propose that considerations of power and group identity, but especially a “need to belong”, may encourage children’s essentialization of social groups. Namely, from a young age, children are keen to feel members of a group, and that their membership is secure and exclusive. Essentialism is the conceptual gadget that satisfies these feelings. And to the extent that groups are defined by what they do, this motivated essentialism also impels children to be adamant about the maintenance of unique group behaviors.



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