Orbital Prefrontal Cortex

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-152
Author(s):  
Richard E. Passingham
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Common Currency ◽  
Orbital Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Current Value ◽  
The One

The orbital prefrontal cortex (PF) receives inputs from the olfactory, gustatory, somatosensory, visceral, and visual cortex. It is also interconnected with the amygdala which represents the current value of the resources, given the internal state of the animal. The worth of the different foods is compared in a ‘common currency’ of value. The central sector of the orbital prefrontal cortex uses vision to predict the value of the resources. These changes depend on the extent to which the animal has already become satiated on a particular food, and an interaction between the amygdala and the orbital PF cortex supports the ability to choose a new food, rather than the one on which the animal has become satiated. The lateral sector of the orbital PF cortex supports the ability to change behaviour depending on the outcome.

scholarly journals Task dependence of neural representations of global scene properties but not scene categories in the prefrontal cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaelan Jung ◽  
Dirk B. Walther
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Scene Perception ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Task Context ◽  
Complex Scene ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Scene Content ◽  
The Brain

AbstractNatural scenes deliver rich sensory information about the world. Decades of research has shown that the scene-selective network in the visual cortex represents various aspects of scenes. It is, however, unknown how such complex scene information is processed beyond the visual cortex, such as in the prefrontal cortex. It is also unknown how task context impacts the process of scene perception, modulating which scene content is represented in the brain. In this study, we investigate these questions using scene images from four natural scene categories, which also depict two types of global scene properties, temperature (warm or cold), and sound-level (noisy or quiet). A group of healthy human subjects from both sexes participated in the present study using fMRI. In the study, participants viewed scene images under two different task conditions; temperature judgment and sound-level judgment. We analyzed how different scene attributes (scene categories, temperature, and sound-level information) are represented across the brain under these task conditions. Our findings show that global scene properties are only represented in the brain, especially in the prefrontal cortex, when they are task-relevant. However, scene categories are represented in the brain, in both the parahippocampal place area and the prefrontal cortex, regardless of task context. These findings suggest that the prefrontal cortex selectively represents scene content according to task demands, but this task selectivity depends on the types of scene content; task modulates neural representations of global scene properties but not of scene categories.

scholarly journals Dopamine Development in the Mouse Orbital Prefrontal Cortex Is Protracted and Sensitive to Amphetamine in Adolescence

eNeuro ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0372-17.2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hoops ◽  
Lauren M. Reynolds ◽  
Jose-Maria Restrepo-Lozano ◽  
Cecilia Flores
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Orbital Prefrontal Cortex

Dorsal Prefrontal Cortex

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-235
Author(s):  
Richard E. Passingham
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Frontal Eye Field ◽  
Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
Order Information ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
Orbital Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Premotor Areas

The dorsal prefrontal (PF) cortex generates and plans the goals or targets for foveal search and manual foraging. The goals are conditional on the relative recency of prior events and actions, and the connections of areas 9/46 and 46 explain how these areas can support the ability to generate the next goal. Area 9/46 can generate sequences of eye movements because it has visuospatial inputs from the cortex in the intraparietal sulcus and outputs to the frontal eye field and superior colliculus. Area 46 can generate sequences of hand and arm movements because it has inputs from the inferior parietal areas PFG and SII and outputs to the forelimb regions of the premotor areas and thence to the motor cortex. Both areas get timing and order information indirectly from the parietal cortex and hippocampus, and colour and shape information from the ventral prefrontal cortex. Inputs from the orbital prefrontal cortex enable both areas to integrate generate goals in accordance with current needs.

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Strategy Switching in the Macaque Orbital Prefrontal Cortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (15) ◽  
pp. 3025-3034
Author(s):  
Valeria Fascianelli ◽  
Lorenzo Ferrucci ◽  
Satoshi Tsujimoto ◽  
Aldo Genovesio
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Orbital Prefrontal Cortex

scholarly journals Fos expression in the orbital prefrontal cortex after exposure to the fixed-interval peak procedure

2012 ◽  
Vol 229 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Valencia-Torres ◽  
C.M. Olarte-Sánchez ◽  
S. Body ◽  
K.C.F. Fone ◽  
C.M. Bradshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Fixed Interval ◽  
Peak Procedure ◽  
Orbital Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Fos Expression
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