James Joule

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-260
Author(s):  
Robert T. Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Conserved Quantity ◽  
Heated Water ◽  
Perpetual Motion ◽  
William Thomson ◽  
Lord Kelvin ◽  
Falling Weight ◽  
Energy Conservation Law

Joule’s journey to his energy conservation law began with his unsuccessful evaluation of the electric motor as a means to achieve perpetual motion. A series of subsequent experiments eventually led him to a definitive experiment in which he demonstrated the transformation of work (a falling weight) into heat (a spinning paddle that heated water) occurs at a precise ratio called the mechanical equivalent of heat (MEH). This and other of his experiments proved that heat is not a conserved quantity and that heat and work are simply two forms of a conserved quantity later to be called energy. He shared his findings with William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) who then went on to establish the field of thermodynamics.

Reduced energy conservation law for magnetized plasma

1994 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petro P Sosenko ◽  
Viktor K Decyk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Energy Conservation Law

A New Highway Safety Model Based on Cellular Automata

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 2340-2343
Author(s):  
Li Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Energy Conservation Law

With the growth of the total mileage of highway. There is great importance in studying highway safety. At the present time, there are little research on traffic safety with the consideration of the Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule, which requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle. Based on Cellular Automata, this paper constructs a new model of highway safety with the consideration of the particular Rule. To evaluate the safety of the road, the model proposes a new index based on energy conservation law. After the simulation, the result shows the best traffic density to balance the safety and traffic flux is 20.1133veh/km.

scholarly journals Local energy conservation law for a spatially-discretized Hamiltonian Vlasov-Maxwell system

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 062112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyuan Xiao ◽  
Hong Qin ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Ruili Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Maxwell System ◽  
Energy Conservation Law

scholarly journals THE SUPERLUMINAL NEUTRINOS FROM DEFORMED LORENTZ INVARIANCE

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (33) ◽  
pp. 1250196 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUNJIE HUO ◽  
TIANJUN LI ◽  
YI LIAO ◽  
DIMITRI V. NANOPOULOS ◽  
YONGHUI QI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Conservation Law ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Dispersion Relations ◽  
Energy And Momentum ◽  
Energy Conservation Law ◽  
Neutrino Momentum

We study two superluminal neutrino scenarios where [Formula: see text] is a constant. To be consistent with the OPERA, Borexino and ICARUS experiments and with the SN1987a observations, we assume that δvν on the Earth is about three-order larger than that on the interstellar scale. To explain the theoretical challenges from the Bremsstrahlung effects and pion decays, we consider the deformed Lorentz invariance, and show that the superluminal neutrino dispersion relations can be realized properly while the modifications to the dispersion relations of the other Standard Model particles can be negligible. In addition, we propose the deformed energy and momentum conservation laws for a generic physical process. In Scenario I the momentum conservation law is preserved while the energy conservation law is deformed. In Scenario II the energy conservation law is preserved while the momentum conservation law is deformed. We present the energy and momentum conservation laws in terms of neutrino momentum in Scenario I and in terms of neutrino energy in Scenario II. In such formats, the energy and momentum conservation laws are exactly the same as those in the traditional quantum field theory with Lorentz symmetry. Thus, all the above theoretical challenges can be automatically solved. We show explicitly that the Bremsstrahlung processes are forbidden and there is no problem for pion decays.

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