A New Highway Safety Model Based on Cellular Automata

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2340 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 989-994 ◽

pp. 2340-2343

Author(s):

Li Xing Li

Keyword(s):

Cellular Automata ◽

Energy Conservation ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Conservation Law ◽

Highway Safety ◽

Traffic Density ◽

New Model ◽

The Road ◽

The Right ◽

Energy Conservation Law

With the growth of the total mileage of highway. There is great importance in studying highway safety. At the present time, there are little research on traffic safety with the consideration of the Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule, which requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle. Based on Cellular Automata, this paper constructs a new model of highway safety with the consideration of the particular Rule. To evaluate the safety of the road, the model proposes a new index based on energy conservation law. After the simulation, the result shows the best traffic density to balance the safety and traffic flux is 20.1133veh/km.

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LANDSCAPE DESIGN ON THE SIDES OF THE BAGHDAD-BABEL ROAD "AN APPLIED MODEL FOR A REST AREA

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v50i4.741 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Hussain & Jasim

Keyword(s):

Traffic Safety ◽

Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Density ◽

The Road ◽

Applied Model ◽

Local Species ◽

The Right ◽

Design Proposal ◽

Main Entrance ◽

Selection Of

The study was aimed to design the landscape on the sides of Baghdad-Babel road and landscaping the aspects of this section of the road length of 1 km, which represents the main entrance of the province of Babel, which is the municipality of Alexandria to achieve the strategy of beautiful roads through the appropriate selection of types of vegetation and emphasis on local species and adapted to environment and soil, which is one of the main factors in the conservation of vegetation on the sides of the roads, as well as the preparation of a design proposal for a rest area on the right side of the section of the road under study to an area of 270,14.108 m2 is not intended for any future use, its currently used by drivers of heavy and medium vehicles and the regular vehicles and passengers while waiting at the entrance to the province of Babylon and provide an opportunity to reduce stress and fatigue on the driver and management of travel requirements and improve traffic safety by reducing traffic accident rates as a result of traffic density in this way.

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New Constitutive Model for the Size Effect on Flow Stress Based on the Energy Conservation Law

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13112617 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2617

Author(s):

Chuanjie Wang ◽

Haiyang Wang ◽

Gang Chen ◽

Qiang Zhu ◽

Lingjiang Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Stress ◽

Constitutive Model ◽

Energy Conservation ◽

Size Effect ◽

Conservation Law ◽

Prediction Accuracy ◽

Energy Input ◽

Uniaxial Tensile ◽

New Model ◽

Energy Conservation Law

In this study, a new model involving energy is established to characterize the size effect on flow stress. The new model treats the experimental machine and the specimen as an isolated system, and this isolated system satisfies the Energy Conservation Law. The total work performed on the specimen by the experimental machine is nearly equal to the energy consumed by the specimen plastic deformation and the energy consumed by friction (which can be ignored when working without friction). The new model predicts the energy consumption of the specimen deformation by quantifying the total energy input to the specimen by the experimental machine and then obtaining the relevant parameters of the constitutive model. Through uniaxial tensile tests of pure nickel thin sheets with various thickness/average grain sizes (t/d), the new model was used to optimize the parameters of the existing constitutive model that predicts the flow stress of specimens with different t/d. The prediction accuracy of the optimized constitutive model is improved, especially for specimens with a t/d < 1. The new model is established from the perspective of energy input to avoid the analysis of the material deformation mechanism and improve the prediction accuracy.

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Safe Speed Prediction Model for Heavy Trucks on Consecutive Mountain Downgrade Routes Based on Energy Conservation Law

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/03611981211024231 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812110242

Author(s):

Menghua Yan ◽

Jinliang Xu ◽

Shuo Han ◽

Fangchen Ma

Keyword(s):

Energy Conservation ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Conservation Law ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Parameter Analysis ◽

Significant Variable ◽

Vehicle Speed ◽

Emergency Braking ◽

Energy Conservation Law

Safe vehicle speed estimation is essential for road traffic management and traffic safety. Improper truck speed on downgrades may lead to brake fade and/or failure, resulting in severe truck accidents such as runaway or out-of-control. This paper presents a model for predicting the safe speed of trucks from the perspective of preventing brake failure. The proposed model can be used to control the speed limit or as a reference for the revision of highway geometric design standards. In addition, by considering the downgrade design speeds recommended by AASHTO, the study offers an approach to deciding the downgrades that need escape ramps, those that need different speed limits, and those that may need exclusions for trucks over a certain weight. First, we simplify the downgrade driving status of a heavy truck into three types: speed control, emergency braking, and speed recovery according to the speed change status. The prediction model of the brake drum temperature with speed variables has been established in our previous study based on Newton’s energy conservation law. Finally, the boundary conditions for brake fade and failure temperature are determined. Results of parameter analysis show that the gross truck weight is the most significant variable. Other significant variables are grade, grade length, and emergency braking time. Compared with previous research results, the advantage of this method is that the permitted speed can be derived using the brake temperature prediction model supported by theory, without the need for extensive field tests.

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