Interrogative sentences

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
General Semantics ◽  
Issue Content

Chapter 5 extends this implementation to interrogative sentences, accounting for the various behaviors of evidentials in questions. Not only does this extension provide support for the proposed analysis of evidentials, it provides support for the general semantics for mood. Interrogativemood is treated as a different kind of illocutionary relation, but evidentials still contribute not‐at‐issue content. In combination, they account for a range of properties, including the flip interpretation of evidentials, where the addressee has evidence for one of the answers to the question.

The Semantics of Evidentials

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Propositional Content ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Truth Conditional ◽  
The Common ◽  
Issue Content

This book gives a compositional, truth‐conditional, crosslinguistic semantics for evidentials set in a theory of the semantics for sentential mood. Central to this semantics is a proposal about a distinction between what propositional content is at‐issue, roughly primary or proffered, and what content is not‐at‐issue. Evidentials contribute not‐at‐issue content, more specifically what I will call a not‐at‐issue restriction. In addition, evidentials can affect the level of commitment a sentence makes to the main proposition, contributed by sentential mood. Building on recent work in the formal semantics of evidentials and related phenomena, the proposed semantics does not appeal to separate dimensions of illocutionary meaning. Instead, I argue that all sentences make three contributions: at‐issue content, not‐at‐issue content, and an illocutionary relation. At‐issue content is presented, made available for subsequent anaphora, but is not directly added to the common ground. Not‐at‐issue content directly updates the common ground. The illocutionary relation uses the at‐issue content to impose structure on the common ground, which, depending on the clause type (e.g., declarative, interrogative), can trigger further updates. Empirical support for this proposal comes from Cheyenne (Algonquian, primary data from the author’s fieldwork), English, and a wide variety of languages that have been discussed in the literature on evidentials.

The Utility and Content of Traditional Ads

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-223
Author(s):  
Michael Franz
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Television Advertising ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Broadcast Television ◽  
Political Ads ◽  
Issue Content ◽  
Key Questions

This chapter focuses on traditional political ads in US elections, in particular those most often airing on broadcast television stations, investigating three key questions: Have traditional political ads reached a tipping point, as new technologies and voter targeting opportunities shift the resource allocation of campaigns? Do traditional political ads work in changing minds and mobilizing voters, and how might those opportunities for persuasion and mobilization change as media engagement diversifies? Finally, what is the issue content of traditional political ads, and how does the content vary across platforms? All told, despite fast-developing change in opportunities for political actors to reach voters, television advertising remains a critically important strategy for campaigns and their political allies.

scholarly journals When Does Income Inequality Cause Polarization?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Jacob R. Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Party Positions ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
The Right ◽  
Issue Content

Scholars have long been concerned with the implications of income inequality for democracy. Conventional wisdom suggests that high income inequality is associated with political parties taking polarized positions as the left advocates for increased redistribution while the right aims to entrench the position of economic elites. This article argues that the connection between party positions and income inequality depends on how party bases are sorted by income and the issue content of national elections. It uses data from European national elections from 1996 to 2016 to show that income inequality has a positive relationship with party polarization on economic issues when partisans are sorted with respect to income and when economic issues are relatively salient in elections. When these factors are weak, however, the author finds no relationship between income inequality and polarization.

scholarly journals Korzybski and General Semantics

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Doris
Keyword(s):  
General Semantics

scholarly journals Learning Dynamics with Synchronous, Asynchronous and General Semantics

2018 ◽  
pp. 118-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Ribeiro ◽  
Maxime Folschette ◽  
Morgan Magnin ◽  
Olivier Roux ◽  
Katsumi Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Learning Dynamics ◽  
General Semantics
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