Substantial Genetic Variation in Southern African Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicomis)

Selected Papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988 The conservation plan for the black rhinoceros presents specific aims and management guidelines for the conservation of the African black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis in the Republic of South Africa, the TBVC states and Namibia. The adoption of this plan, and the application of the strategies described therein (managing existing populations, establishing new populations and aspects of captive breeding) by the relevant conservation authorities should enhance the survival prospects of this species, both in the region and globally.

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Predicting the habitat usage of African black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) using random forest models

African Journal of Ecology ◽

10.1111/aje.12192 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 346-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lucy Lush ◽

Martin Mulama ◽

Martin Jones

Keyword(s):

Random Forest ◽

Black Rhinoceros ◽

Diceros Bicornis ◽

Forest Models ◽

African Black ◽

Random Forest Models ◽

Habitat Usage

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Intriguing density dependence but problematic birth rates in Greaver et al.’s study of a black-rhinoceros population

10.1101/039453 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Peter R Law ◽

Wayne L. Linklater ◽

Jay V. Gedir

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Density Dependence ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Population Management ◽

Demographic Parameters ◽

Birth Rates ◽

Black Rhinoceros ◽

African Black ◽

Birth Data ◽

Important Evidence

AbstractGreaver et al. (2014) presented evidence for density dependence in the Ithala population of black rhinoceros. Finding that they did not place their regression-based evidence in a modelling context, we recast their result as an example of the ramp model of density dependence that underlies black rhinoceros meta-population management. Greaver et al. concluded that the Ithala population did not reach carrying capacity, a conclusion we consider unwarranted since they did not conduct any analyses of trends in demographic parameters with population density. Our interpretation implies that the Ithala population did indeed reach carrying capacity. Where relevant, we compared their results for the Ithala population with those for another southern African black-rhinoceros population in order to provide a broader basis for evaluating black rhinoceros demography. We detail inconsistent presentation of data in their paper that plagued our efforts to understand their results and also draw attention to possible errors in some analyses. In particular, we argue that the results on birth rates reported by Greaver et al. appear dubious. Greaver et al. have presented important evidence for density dependence in a population of black rhinoceros but we suggest they have underutilized their data in interpreting this density dependence while misanalysing birth data.

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Genetic Management of Wild and Translocated Black Rhinoceros in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal Region

10.26686/wgtn.17005123 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Rosalynn Marie Anderson-Lederer

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Control Region ◽

Allelic Diversity ◽

Mtdna Control Region ◽

Source Population ◽

Management Scenarios ◽

Genetic Management ◽

Black Rhinoceros ◽

Kwazulu Natal

<p>The African black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is critically endangered. Like other megafauna, the species is managed in parks and is often translocated to expand their range into reserves where they have been extirpated. Management of genetic variation has been identified as an important consideration in long-term management plans for many wild and captive endangered species including black rhino. In this thesis I examined the contemporary levels of genetic variation within the black rhinoceros (D. b. minor) in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, and specifically the relict source population at Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve (HiP), and how this information can be incorporated into management decisions to improve the long-term viability and persistence of the population. Previous studies have examined levels of genetic variation and differentiation among the three black rhino subspecies (D. b. minor, D. b. michaeli and D. b. bicornis) in an attempt to resolve their taxonomy and to establish baseline genetic assessments for managing populations. However, there has been a lack of genetic information based on the variable mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of the KZN metapopulation and a direct comparison of microsatellite variability between the D. b. minor populations of KZN and Zimbabwe. The specific objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the DNA sequence of the mtDNA control region of three subspecies and estimate the level of variation within the HiP source and KZN metapopulation and compare the results with D. b. minor outside KZN and the other two subspecies; (2) use ten microsatellite DNA markers to estimate the levels of heterozygosity and allelic diversity in the HiP source and KZN metapopulation and compare results to previously published microsatellite data (specifically native Zimbabwe D. b. minor; and (3) use VORTEX Population Viability Analysis (PVA) and HiP vital rates to model the effects of increasing population size and supplementation, and investigate what management scenarios would be most effective for minimizing the loss of genetic variation caused by genetic drift with HiP...</p>

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Stephanofilaria thelazioides n. sp. (Nematoda: Filariidae) from a hippopotamus and its affinities with the species parasitic in the African black rhinoceros

Systematic Parasitology ◽

10.1007/bf00008829 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 205-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Boomker ◽

O. Bain ◽

A. Chabaud ◽

N. P. J. Kriek

Keyword(s):

Black Rhinoceros ◽

African Black

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Genetic variation and population structure in remnant populations of black rhinoceros, Diceros bicornis, in Africa

Molecular Ecology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02660.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2981-2990 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

ERIC H. HARLEY ◽

INGRID BAUMGARTEN ◽

JESSICA CUNNINGHAM ◽

COLLEEN O'RYAN

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Black Rhinoceros ◽

Diceros Bicornis

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CHANGES DURING LACTATION IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE MILK OF THE AFRICAN BLACK RHINOCEROS (DICEROS BICORNIS)

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London ◽

10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb02021.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 145 (3) ◽

pp. 327-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

MARGARET E. GREGORY ◽

S. J. ROWLAND ◽

S. Y. THOMPSON ◽

VANDA M. KON

Keyword(s):

Black Rhinoceros ◽

Diceros Bicornis ◽

African Black

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Rectal prolapse associated with a healed pelvic fracture in a pregnant free-ranging African black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis). Part 1 : anaesthesia : case report

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association ◽

10.4102/jsava.v72i4.660 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G.F. Stegmann ◽

M. Hofmeyr ◽

A. Olivier ◽

E. Lane ◽

D.H. Volkmann

Keyword(s):

Rectal Prolapse ◽

Tidal Volume ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Muscle Rigidity ◽

Black Rhinoceros ◽

Diceros Bicornis ◽

African Black ◽

Free Ranging

Anaesthesia was required in a heavily-pregnant, adult, free-ranging African black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis with a rectal prolapse for examination and possible treatment. The animal was immobilised with 4.5 mg etorphine and 60 mg azaperone. For continued observation, the immobilised animal was transported to a boma. Additional etorphine and azaperone were administered to keep the animal anaesthetised during treatment and transport. In addition, 15 mg nalorphine was administered during this time to improve ventilation and reduce muscle rigidity. Sixty hours later, in preparation for surgery, 2.5 mg etorphine and 40 mg azaperone were administered, followed by endotracheal intubation and halothane anaesthesia. During anaesthesia, a decrease in tidal volume was observed. Venous blood-gas analysis indicated a decrease in the oxygen partial pressure, and a mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis. Cardiac arrest was preceded by an increase in heart rate and tidal volume after 80 min of inhalation anaesthesia.

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