scholarly journals Effect of Chlorpromazine on Survival Time and Mesenteric Blood Flow in Experimental Shock

1959 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Inglis ◽  
L. G. Hampson ◽  
F. N. Gurd
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow ◽  
Experimental Shock

Effects of nicotine on canine intestinal blood flow and oxygen consumption

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. G195-G203
Author(s):  
R. H. Gallavan ◽  
Y. Tsuchiya ◽  
E. D. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Intestinal Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow ◽  
State Response ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Intestinal Circulation

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of nicotine on intestinal blood flow and oxygen consumption. The intravenous infusion of nicotine at doses corresponding to those experienced by smokers produced a transient increase in systemic arterial blood pressure and mesenteric blood flow. Subsequently a steady-state response developed that consisted of a reduction in mesenteric blood flow due to both a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in intestinal vascular resistance. This increase in resistance was probably due to increased levels of circulating catecholamines. The intra-arterial infusion of nicotine into the intestinal circulation at doses experienced by the average smoker had no effect on either intestinal blood flow or oxygen consumption. Similarly, under in vitro conditions nicotine had no direct effect on intestinal vascular smooth muscle tension. Thus, nicotine appears to reduce intestinal blood flow indirectly as a result of its systemic effects.

Interactions of increased pO2 and pCO2 effects in producing convulsions and death in mice

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Marshall ◽  
Christian J. Lambertsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Cortical Depression ◽  
Survival Time Data ◽  
Very High

In 379 mice subjected to from 1 to 11 atm. of pO2 and 0 to 304 mm Hg of pCO2 for 90 minutes, oxygen was convulsigenic at pressures greater than 3 atm. and lethal at greater than 4 atm. Carbon dioxide in 1 atm. of O2 was not convulsigenic but was lethal at very high tensions. In the presence of O2 at high pressure (OHP) small elevations of CO2 tension shortened the preconvulsive latent period, whereas CO2 tensions greater than 120 mm Hg inhibited convulsions. Survival time in OHP was shortened by the addition of CO2. An interaction between OHP and CO2 effects is suggested by both the preconvulsive latent period and survival time data. The effects of CO2 on OHP and electroshock convulsions are compared and possible reasons for differences are discussed in light of the previously demonstrated general cortical depression and inhibition of convulsions by CO2. The potentiation of OHP convulsions by low CO2 tensions is probably due to effects on brain blood flow. Although death can occur without convulsions there is a tendency for animals susceptible to convulsions to be also susceptible to the lethal properties of OHP with CO2. Submitted on July 28, 1960

scholarly journals The effects of insulin on mesenteric blood flow in anaesthetized pigs

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Grossini ◽  
A. Battaglia ◽  
G. Bona ◽  
D. A. S. G. Mary ◽  
C. Molinari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow

scholarly journals Effects of exercise on mesenteric blood flow in man.

Gut ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
M I Qamar ◽  
A E Read
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow

Effect of secretin and cholecystokinin on small intestinal blood flow distribution

1975 ◽  
Vol 229 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Fara ◽  
KS Madden
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Blood Flow Distribution ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Intestinal Segments ◽  
Small Intestinal

The relative blood flow distribution within the small intestine of anesthetized cats was investigated during resting conditions and when superior mesenteric blood flow was increased 15--85% by the intravenous infusion of secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), or isoproterenol. Radioactive microspheres of 15 mum diameter were injected into the superior mesenteric artery and shortly thereafter intestinal segments were removed and dissected into mucosal, submucosal, and muscularis fractions. Tissue weights and the radioactivity of each were determined. During secretin-induced mesenteric vasodilatation there was a significant redistribution of blood away from the jejunal mucosa to the submucosa. During CCK and isoproterenol infusions there were significant increases in mucosal and decreases in submucosal blood flow. No significant changes were observed in muscularis flow. There was no apparent relationship between the percent increase in SMBF and the relative blood flow distribution changes observed. The results indicate that while secretin, CCK, and isoproterenol increase superior mesenteric blood flow, they also affect blood flow distribution within the mucosa and submucosa.

Platelet and Fibrinogen Kinetics in Patients with Aorto-Femoral Dacron Grafts: Evaluation of Period of Maximum Risk from Thrombosis

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Kester ◽  
S.M. Rajah ◽  
C.N. McCollum ◽  
P. Learoyd ◽  
M. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Antithrombotic Therapy ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Fractional Catabolic Rate ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Arterial Grafts ◽  
Catabolic Rate ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Iodine 125

The thrombogenicity of Dacron arterial grafts may lead to eventual closure, although Dacron aorto-femoral grafts rarely thrombose because of wide calibre and rapid blood flow. The less favourable outcome of Dacron grafts with narrow diameter or suboptimal flow may be improved by antithrombotic therapy during the “thrombogenic period” of graft maturation. To evaluate this period, platelet and fibrinogen kinetics using, Chromium 51 and Iodine 125 respectively, were measured pre-operation and at 3, 6 and 9 months, in 10 patients after aorto-femoral Dacron bypass. Six age-matched volunteers were simultaneously studied. Platelet survival time was reduced 8.8 to 7.4 days (p<0.01) and platelet turnover increased at 3 months post-operation compared with pre-operative levels 39 to <47/103/days. Similarly, fibrinogen T½ life was decreased 3.7 to 3.4 days and fractional catabolic rate increased at 3 months 0.27 to 0.34 (p< 0.01). These indices of thrombogenic activity returned to pre-operative levels by 9 months. We suggest that Dacron aorto-femoral grafts remain thrombogenically active for about 9 months. Where blood flow conditions are suboptimal or graft diameters are small, it may be prudent to use antithrombotic therpy to protect patency.

scholarly journals Decreased mesenteric blood flow supplying retrosternal esophageal ileocoloplastic grafts during positive-pressure breathing

1994 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
L. Jacob ◽  
S. Boudaoud ◽  
O. Rabary ◽  
D. Payen ◽  
E. Sarfati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow

Relation between intestinal motility and mesenteric blood flow in the conscious dog

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. G108-G113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fioramonti ◽  
L. Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Probe ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Conscious Dog ◽  
Cyclic Variations ◽  
Electromagnetic Flow Probe

Blood flow in a mesenteric artery and electrical activity of the corresponding segment of jejunum or ileum were simultaneously measured in eight conscious dogs. Each was fitted chronically with an electromagnetic flow probe and transparietal electrodes. In some dogs an intestinal cannula was placed cephalad to the segment investigated. Continuous 24-h records were obtained in each dog receiving a daily meal. Jejunal blood flow increased after the meal, decreased progressively during the postprandial period (7-12 h), and then exhibited cyclic variations associated with the occurrence of migrating myoelectric complexes (MMCs) during the next 6-10 h. The ileal blood flow increased, then remained high and nearly constant during the postprandial disorganization of the MMC pattern, and exhibited cyclic variations associated with all MMCs even when the dog was fasted for 48 h. Cyclic variations in blood flow were abolished when the intestinal content was drained through the cannula. It is concluded that in the conscious dog the blood flow profile in a mesenteric artery is associated with the motor profile of the segment. This association is due to the presence of digestive matter, probably nutrients in the jejunum and bile in the ileum.

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