Pediatric High-flow Pial Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) for Glue Embolization

A high flow pial arteriovenous fistula in a twenty-years-old girl is described. The arteriovenous communication corresponds to a single hole fistula on the right rolandic area, with a giant venous ectasia. The patient presented seizures and left hemiparesis as symptoms. The fistula was embolized with glue obtaining total occlusion of the shunt. Hypotension was induced and valsalva manoeuver was done during the glue injection to reduce the flow into the fistula, however 26 hours after the procedure the patient bled resulting in a fatal outcome. The purpose of this paper is discuss the presentation of Rendu-Osler-Weber (ROW) in children and the therapeutic guidelines.

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Incidental Pediatric High-Flow Nongalenic Giant Pial Arteriovenous Fistula

Neuropediatrics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1716905 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua A. Cuoco ◽

Evin L. Guilliams ◽

Lisa S. Apfel ◽

Eric A. Marvin ◽

Biraj M. Patel

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

High Flow ◽

Pial Arteriovenous Fistula

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De novo intracranial arteriovenous malformation development after endovascular treatment for a pial arteriovenous fistula in capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome

Interventional Neuroradiology ◽

10.1177/1591019920940515 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 159101992094051

Author(s):

Bikei Ryu ◽

Shinsuke Sato ◽

Tatsuki Mochizuki ◽

Tatsuya Inoue ◽

Yoshikazu Okada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

De Novo ◽

High Flow ◽

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Capillary Malformation ◽

Systemic Disorder ◽

Pial Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

The Brain

Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome is a newly described entity characterized by autosomal dominantly inherited multifocal capillary malformations caused by RASA1 mutations (CM-AVM1) or EPHB4 mutations (CM-AVM2). Concurrent high-flow vascular anomalies in the brain are often present in the form of intracranial AVM or arteriovenous fistula (AVF). These high-flow lesions are often identified at or soon after birth because of the characteristic unique capillary malformations or a systemic disorder due to a high-flow shunt, such as respiratory distress or heart failure. However, de novo intracranial AVMs have not been reported in patients with CM-AVM syndrome. Herein, we report the case of a six-year-old boy with CM-AVM1 who had been treated for an intracranial pial arteriovenous fistula approximately five years previously, in whom a de novo intracranial AVM was identified on a follow-up angiographic study. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to document a de novo intracranial AVM in a patient with CM-AVM. We recommend careful neuroimaging follow-up even if initial neuroimaging screening is negative because of the risk of de novo AVM development.

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Adult pial arteriovenous fistula and superior sagittal sinus stenosis: angiographic evidence for high-flow venopathy at an atypical location

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2002.96.4.0792 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 792-795 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Joon K. Song ◽

Aman B. Patel ◽

Gary R. Duckwiler ◽

Y. Pierre Gobin ◽

Reza Jahan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Superior Sagittal Sinus ◽

Venous Hypertension ◽

High Flow ◽

Content Type ◽

Sagittal Sinus ◽

Detachable Coils ◽

Pial Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Angiographic Evidence ◽

Short Time

✓ The authors present the case of a 69-year-old man who suffered from bilateral cortical venous hypertension due to a brain pial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with a high-flow fistula. The AVM became complicated by the development of a high-grade stenosis of the posterior superior sagittal sinus (SSS). A comparison of cerebral angiograms obtained at different times revealed that the severe SSS stenosis had developed within a 5-year period and was located distal to the nidus of the left parietal AVM nidus, away from the entrance of the dominant superior superficial cortical draining vein into the SSS. The high-flow fistula was occluded with detachable coils and the AVM nidus was further embolized with acrylic. The SSS stenosis was mechanically dilated by means of balloon angioplasty and stent placement. This case provides angiographic evidence to support the hypothesis that a pial arteriovenous fistula in an adult can cause high-flow occlusive venopathy in a major sinus within a relatively short time and that this acquired high-flow occlusive venopathy can develop at an atypical location distant from the nidus of the AVM.

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Microsurgical Complete Clip of a High Flow Pial Arteriovenous Fistula

Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery ◽

10.1016/j.inat.2021.101352 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101352

Author(s):

Yutao Ren ◽

Jiaojiang He ◽

Chao Xia ◽

Rui Tian ◽

Qi Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

High Flow ◽

Pial Arteriovenous Fistula

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Child pial arteriovenous fistula of the conus medullaris presenting with spinal cord venous congestion: Case report and literature review

Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery ◽

10.1016/j.inat.2021.101128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 101128

Author(s):

N.D.A. Bankole ◽

K. Janot ◽

A. Listrat ◽

N. Travers ◽

I.L. Maldonado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Case Report ◽

Literature Review ◽

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Conus Medullaris ◽

Venous Congestion ◽

Pial Arteriovenous Fistula

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Endovascular Embolization of a Large High-Flow Splenic Arteriovenous Fistula and Aneurysm Using the Amplatzer Vascular Plug II

Annals of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.avsg.2015.09.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 210.e1-210.e3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mario D'Amico ◽

Roberto Miraglia ◽

Settimo Caruso ◽

Luigi Maruzzelli ◽

Kelvin Cortis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Endovascular Embolization ◽

High Flow ◽

Amplatzer Vascular Plug ◽

Vascular Plug ◽

Splenic Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Amplatzer Vascular Plug Ii

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Traumatic dissecting pathology of posterior cerebral artery: a report of two cases—aneurysm and pial arteriovenous fistula

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-237722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. e237722

Author(s):

Vignesh Selvamurugan ◽

Surya Nandan Prasad ◽

Vivek Singh ◽

Zafar Neyaz

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Case Reports ◽

Dissecting Aneurysm ◽

Parent Vessel ◽

Vessel Occlusion ◽

Parent Vessel Occlusion ◽

Pial Arteriovenous Fistula

We present two cases of 17-year-old man and 10-year-old boy presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage and a history of road traffic accident. One patient had dissecting aneurysm of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and the other patient had partially thrombosed aneurysm on CT angiography. On digital subtraction angiography of the second patient, there was formation of PCA pontomesencephalic vein pial arteriovenous fistula (PAVF). Both the patients underwent endovascular treatment: stent-assisted coiling for aneurysm and coiling with parent vessel occlusion for PAVF. There were no procedural complications. Follow-up angiography showed no residual aneurysm or fistula. Trauma is one of the recognised causes of dissection, and intracranial dissections can present as stenotic lesions, aneurysms or fistulas, depending on the pathology. Traumatic dissecting PCA aneurysm has been reported in only two case reports previously, and post-traumatic PAVF in PCA has not been reported.

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