The Effects of Oral Ondansetron Disintegrating Tables for Prevention of At-Home Emesis in Pediatric Patients After Ear-Nose-Throat Surgery

A prospective comparative study was conducted in 487 pediatric patients (69% male, mean age = 6.4 ± 4.0) to evaluate (a) the incidence, intensity, and characteristics of pain in pediatric patients at home during the first 24 hours and 5 days after surgery and (b) the factors associated with higher pain intensity, including the impact of an application (App) compared to the paper-and-pencil approach. Postoperative pain was assessed by patients or their parents at home using the ‘Bambino Gesù’ Children’s Hospital (Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, OPBG) tool for participants aged 4–17 years or the Faces, Legs, Arms, Cry, and Consolability scale for participants less than four years old. Participants were assigned to two groups: those who used the paper-and-pencil version of the pain scale and those who used the App. Overall, 209 of the 472 (44%) participants reported pain during the first 24 hours, and 92 of the 420 (22%) reported pain between one and five days after surgery. Higher pain intensity scores were associated with being in the App group, directly assessing own pain, and using the OPBG tool. The App was effective in facilitating pain assessment. Health professionals could empower pediatric patients and their parents in assessing pain at home through a dedicated App.

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Clinical Validation of the Analysis of Fluconazole in Oral Fluid in Hospitalized Children

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.03636-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (11) ◽

pp. 6742-6746 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kim C. M. van der Elst ◽

Manouche van Alst ◽

Marjolijn N. Lub-de Hooge ◽

Kai van Hateren ◽

Jos G. W. Kosterink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Fluid ◽

Drug Exposure ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Volume Of Distribution ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Pearson Correlation Test ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Paired Serum ◽

At Home

ABSTRACTFluconazole is a first-line antifungal agent for the treatment and prophylaxis of invasive candidiasis in pediatric patients. Pediatric patients are at risk of suboptimal drug exposure, due to developmental changes in gastrointestinal and renal function, metabolic capacity, and volume of distribution. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can therefore be useful to prevent underexposure of fluconazole in children and infants. Children, however, often fear needles and can have difficult vascular access. The purpose of this study was to develop and clinically validate a method of analysis to determine fluconazole in oral fluid in pediatric patients. Twenty-one paired serum and oral fluid samples were obtained from 19 patients and were analyzed using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS) method after cross-validation between serum and oral fluid. The results were within accepted ranges for accuracy and precision, and samples were stable at room temperature for at least 17 days. A Pearson correlation test for the fluconazole concentrations in serum and oral fluid showed a correlation coefficient of 0.960 (P< 0.01). The mean oral fluid-to-serum concentration ratio was 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88 to 1.10) with Bland-Altman analysis. In conclusion, an oral fluid method of analysis was successfully developed and clinically validated for fluconazole in pediatric patients and can be a noninvasive, painless alternative to perform TDM of fluconazole when blood sampling is not possible or desirable. When patients receive prolonged courses of antifungal treatment and use fluconazole at home, this method of analysis can extend the possibilities of TDM for patients at home.

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ESTIMATING DETRUSOR PRESSURE AT HOME IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH MYELOMENINGOCELE

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1097/00005392-199910000-00069 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 1413-1414

Author(s):

Stuart B. Bauer

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Detrusor Pressure ◽

At Home

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ESTIMATING DETRUSOR PRESSURE AT HOME IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH MYELOMENINGOCELE

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1097/00005392-199910000-00070 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Detrusor Pressure ◽

At Home

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Accidental deaths at home in pediatric patients

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/bf02726753 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 459-460

Author(s):

D. Vidyasagar

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

At Home

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Pattern of severe injuries in Spanish children: boys and falls are alarmingly overrepresented

10.1101/303958 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sergio Benito ◽

Rosa López-Parellada ◽

Elisabeth Esteban ◽

Lluïsa Hemández-Platero ◽

Salvi Prat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Severe Trauma ◽

Severe Injuries ◽

Pattern Of Injury ◽

Reference Hospital ◽

Pedestrian Traffic ◽

At Home

ABSTRACTBackground: Taking into account that injury is one of the main causes of child fatalities in developed countries, and that boys are more likely to suffer it than girls, we have explored a database of pediatric patients with severe injuries to determine whether sex and age influence the pattern of these fatalities, and the magnitude of this.Method: Observational study of the demographic and clinical characteristics of 227 patients from a Spanish pediatric reference hospital, all of them admitted with a diagnosis of trauma.Result: Falls are the most frequent type of trauma (60.7%), followed by pedestrian traffic collisions (15%). Boys are over-represented in falls (72% vs 28% in girls) and pedestrian traffic injuries (61% vs 39 %). In boys, falls are mainly observed in public roads and during leisure activities (53.8%) whereas in girls at home (55.2%). In a logistic regression, sex and age are statistically significant predictors of severe trauma, boys (OR = 1.59) and the adolescent age group (OR = 3.7) showed the highest odds.Conclusion: We have observed a clear gender-biased pattern of injury-related events: falls are the leading cause of injuries, with 2.5 boys for every girl. Falls mostly happened during outdoor leisure activities in boys and at home in girls. Pedestrian traffic injuries also show significant differences between sexes, emphasizing the role of cognitive and cultural factors in children’s behavior.

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