Cavernous Venous Malformation of the Inferior Orbital Fissure and Pterygopalatine Fossa

In this paper, we described osseous anatomy of the orbital apex using CT in axial and coronal projections. The main osseous landmarks facilitate the evaluation of orbital apex in radiology, especially on the axial and coronal CT scans. These landmarks include so called optic strut, small segment of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and upper part of the pterygopalatine fossa. We also concentrate attention upon visualisation and review of the optic canal, superior and inferior orbital fissure, pterygopalatine fossa and foramen rotundum.

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Surgical anatomy of the maxillary nerve in the zygomatic region

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572005000200014 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 167-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elizandra Paccola Moretto ◽

Gustavo Henrique de Souza Silva ◽

João Lopes Toledo Filho ◽

Jesus Carlos Andreo ◽

Ricardo de Lima Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Acid ◽

Surgical Anatomy ◽

Pterygopalatine Fossa ◽

Anesthetic Technique ◽

Short Segment ◽

Maxillary Nerve ◽

Maxillary Tuberosity ◽

Regional Anesthetic ◽

Inferior Orbital Fissure ◽

Small Nerve

Anatomic knowledge on the zygomatic fossa is of primary importance to improve the regional anesthetic technique of the maxillary nerve. Few reports in the literature have addressed the trajectory of the maxillary nerve and its branches in this region; thus, this study aimed at presenting information about the trajectory of these nerves. Thirty human half-heads of both genders were fixed in 10% formalin and demineralized in 5% nitric acid, and the maxillary nerve was dissected since its origin on the pterygopalatine fossa until penetration into the inferior orbital fissure. It was observed that the maxillary nerve sends one to three posterior superior alveolar branches and tuberal descendent branches, which supply the soft tissue structures of the region. The posterior superior alveolar nerves are inferiorly oriented near the maxillary tuberosity, where they penetrate the alveolar canals with the posterior superior alveolar artery and send small nerve branches that continue in an extraosseous trajectory. This study found that nearly 2/3 of the trajectory of the maxillary nerve is located in the zygomatic region, with a short segment (1/3) in the pterygopalatine fossa.

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A novel landmark for endonasal surgery of the pterygopalatine fossa and inferior orbital fissure: The orbito‐pterygo‐sphenoidal ligament

Head & Neck ◽

10.1002/hed.26843 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lifeng Li ◽

Nyall R. London ◽

Daniel M. Prevedello ◽

Ricardo L. Carrau

Keyword(s):

Pterygopalatine Fossa ◽

Endonasal Surgery ◽

Inferior Orbital Fissure

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Percutaneous sclerotherapy for spongiform venous malformations – analysis of patient-evaluated outcome and satisfaction

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000650 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 477-483

Author(s):

Robert Karl Clemens ◽

Frederic Baumann ◽

Marc Husmann ◽

Thomas Oleg Meier ◽

Christoph Thalhammer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Medical Records ◽

Venous Malformation ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Venous Malformations ◽

Treated Area ◽

Item Questionnaire ◽

Percutaneous Sclerotherapy ◽

Multiple Treatments ◽

Pain Improvement

Abstract. Background: Congenital venous malformations are frequently treated with sclerotherapy. Primary treatment goal is to control the often size-related symptoms. Functional impairment and aesthetical aspects as well as satisfaction have rarely been evaluated. Patients and methods: Medical records of patients who underwent sclerotherapy of spongiform venous malformations were reviewed and included in this retrospective study. The outcome of sclerotherapy as self-reported by patients was assessed in a 21 item questionnaire. Results: Questionnaires were sent to 166 patients with a total of 327 procedures. Seventy-seven patients (48 %) with a total of 159 procedures (50 %) responded to the survey. Fifty-seven percent of patients were male. The age ranged from 1 to 38.1 years with a median age of 16.4 years. The lower extremities were the most common treated area. Limitations caused by the venous malformation improved in the majority of patients (e.g. pain improvement 87 %, improvement of swelling 83 %) but also worsening of symptoms occurred in a minority of cases. Seventy-seven per cent would undergo sclerotherapy again. Conclusions: Sclerotherapy for treatment of venous malformations results in significant reduction of symptoms. Multiple treatments are often needed, but patients are willing to undergo them.

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