Opalescence and concentration fluctuations in binary liquid mixtures near the critical mixing point - I. Experimental

1954 ◽  
Vol 224 (1156) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Binary Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Scattered Light Intensity ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Critical Mixing

This investigation deals with the measurement of the coherent scattering of light in binary liquid mixtures near the critical mixing point, usually called ‘critical opalescence’, which is due to fluctuations of concentration produced by the thermal molecular movement. The apparent extinction of the incident light beam and the angular distribution of the scattered light intensity was measured by a photo-electric method over a wide range of wave-lengths in the visible and ultra-violet region and a range of temperatures above the critical point for nine suitably selected liquid mixtures. It was found that they could be grouped into two classes, each of which is characterized by a specific law of temperature and wave-length dependence of the transmitted and transversely scattered light intensity and a specific shape of the angular distribution of scattered light.

Opalescence and concentration fluctuations in binary liquid mixtures near the critical mixing point. - II. Theoretical

1954 ◽  
Vol 224 (1156) ◽  
pp. 104-119 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Function ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Concentration Fluctuations ◽  
Scattered Light Intensity ◽  
Gaussian Shape ◽  
Critical Mixing

A theory of light scattering in fluids produced by local fluctuations of refractive index is developed from the theory of X-ray scattering in fluids which is applied to the phenomena of critical opalescence in one-component liquids due to density fluctuations and in two-component liquid mixtures due to concentration fluctuations. The dependence of the scattered light intensity on wave-length and scattering angle can be derived from the theoretical expressions when the correlation of the fluctuations in two volume elements as a function of the distance of these elements is known. The theory is used for determining the shape of the correlation function for a number of binary mixtures from the measured angular distribution of the scattered light intensity, as described in part I by means of numerical computation of Fourier integrals. It is found that the mixtures belonging to class I (as defined in part I) are characterized by a correlation function with a range of negative correlation, and those belonging to class II by a correlation function of nearly Gaussian shape. The absolute magnitude of the concentration fluctuations near the critical mixing point is also calculated from the observational material. A tentative qualitative explanation for the different shapes of the correlation function for the two classes of mixtures is presented.

THE CRITICAL HEAT FLUX AT THE POOL BOILING OF SOME BINARY LIQUID MIXTURES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Semenovich Kutateladze ◽  
G.I. Bobrovich ◽  
I. I. Gogonin ◽  
N.N. Mamontova ◽  
V.N. Moskvicheva
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Critical Heat Flux ◽  
Pool Boiling ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Binary Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Binary Liquid
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