All the observed universe has contributed to life

1991 ◽  
Vol 334 (1271) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Nearby Galaxies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Universe

This paper presents evidence that virtually all electrons and nuclei of the atoms that are or have been part of living matter on Earth came from almost all stars in our and nearby galaxies and even from all other galaxies in the Universe that have produced observed high-energy gamma rays. However, a standard 70 kg human is always making about 7 3 He, 600 40 Ca, and 3000 14 N nuclei every second by radioactive decay of 3 H, 40 K, and 14 C, respectively.

scholarly journals Erratum: “Intergalactic Photon Spectra from the Far‐IR to the UV Lyman Limit for 0

2007 ◽  
Vol 658 (2) ◽  
pp. 1392-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Stecker ◽  
M. A. Malkan ◽  
S. T. Scully
Keyword(s):  
Optical Depth ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Photon Spectra ◽  
The Universe

scholarly journals Intergalactic Photon Spectra from the Far‐IR to the UV Lyman Limit for 0

2006 ◽  
Vol 648 (2) ◽  
pp. 774-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Stecker ◽  
M. A. Malkan ◽  
S. T. Scully
Keyword(s):  
Optical Depth ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Photon Spectra ◽  
The Universe

scholarly journals Very-High-Energy Gamma Rays from a Distant Quasar: How Transparent Is the Universe?

Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 320 (5884) ◽  
pp. 1752-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
J. Albert ◽  
E. Aliu ◽  
H. Anderhub ◽  
L. A. Antonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Very High Energy ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Very High

Quasi-monochromatic and polarized high-energy gamma rays

1964 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.R. Arutyunyan ◽  
V.A. Tumanyan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma
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