We propose, as a compelling pattern for the holographic principle, a covariant entropy bound conjecture for more general dynamical horizons. Then we apply our conjecture to ΛCDM cosmological models, where we find that it imposes a novel upper bound, 10-90, on the cosmological constant for our own universe by taking into account the dominant entropy contribution from supermassive black holes, which thus provides an alternative macroscopic perspective for understanding the long-standing cosmological constant problem. As an intriguing implication of this conjecture, we also discuss the possible profound relation between the present cosmological constant, the origin of mass, and the anthropic principle.
Entropy bound of a charged object and electrostatic self-energy in black holes
