scholarly journals Third order effect of postionization population redistribution in strong field

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangxu Mu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Hanwei Yang ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Keyu Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Field ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Population Redistribution

scholarly journals Developing Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping Techniques for Consequence Analysis of Second and Third Order Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Kenneth McDonald ◽  
Derek Sanchez ◽  
Kenneth Voet ◽  
Ryan Powis ◽  
Joshua Norris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Consequence Analysis ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Entity Relationships

The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is the Department of Defense’s (DOD) official Combat Support Agency for countering weapons of mass destruction (WMD). DTRA focuses on WMD and mitigating the consequences of a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high yield explosive threat (CBRNE). The initial direct effects of a CBRNE incident are well defined and documented; however, the second and third order effect’s are complex and not thoroughly understood or documented.  Consequence analysis is the practice of analyzing the effects of major events such as a CBRNE event and can assist in predicting the second and third order effects.  Currently there is no method to predict or analyze the second and third order effects of CBRNE events. This research focused on identifying the entities associated with a CBRNE event initially.  The use of experts and surveys developed an exhaustive list of entities and associated realtionships.  The follow-on research focused on the type and strength of the entity relationships.  Next, Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM) techniques identify and evaluate the complex relationships of the second and third order effects.   Using a mind mapping computer program, FCM techniques produced second and third order effect relationships.  The final product provided a solid first attempt at analyzing a CBRNE event and the associated second and third order effects.  Subsequent research will require greater effort to employ system dynamics techniques to enhance the product and develop a more thorough model.

scholarly journals Revisiting the third-order elastic constants of diamond: The higher-order effect

2021 ◽  
pp. 108490
Author(s):  
Mingqing Liao ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Fei Zhou ◽  
Nan Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Third Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Order Elastic Constants

Quadrupole-Octopole and Foil Lens Corrector Systems

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 16-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. R. Thomson ◽  
E. H. Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Short Focal Length ◽  
Strong Focusing

The theorem due to Scherzer which states, in essence, that a conventional axially symmetric, magnetic or electrostatic lens can never be free from third order spherical aberration is well known. Attempts to circumvent this limitation have been carried out over the past thirty years with little result, but meanwhile the ill effects have been minimized by using magnetic lenses of very short focal length.The most studied alternative is the use of doubly symmetric strong focusing lenses. The first order imaging is performed with three or more quadrupoles, and the third order aberrations corrected with three octopoles. The design by Deltrap for example has no first order effect other than to invert the image, and has a third order spherical aberration coefficient which exactly cancels out that of the magnetic objective lens with which it us used. To avoid chromatic aberration this magnetic objective lens must have a very short focal length (2 mm for 100 kv operation with a resolution of 1 Å), and the overall system then has so much coma that the field of view is limited to 50 Å diameter.

Third-order effect in solid-state NMR of quadrupolar nuclei

2003 ◽  
Vol 367 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhehong Gan ◽  
Parthasarathy Srinivasan ◽  
John R. Quine ◽  
Stefan Steuernagel ◽  
Benno Knott
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Quadrupolar Nuclei ◽  
Third Order
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