International investment law and the law of human rights currently show an unresolved relationship in the practice of international arbitration. The extent to which a human right to water can be accommodated within the framework of investment protection law has been considered in detail in this thesis. The possible solutions identified in the course of this research offer the potential to adequately take into account a human right to water in investment arbitration, both through non-contractual integration by means of a systemic interpretation along the established guidelines and through the contractual inclusion of explicitly formulated building blocks on Corporate Social Responsibility.
This chapter considers the role of international oil companies (IOCs) as global political actors with significant economic and political power. In doing so, we weigh the ethical costs and benefits for individuals, companies, and states alike. Using the concepts of “corporate social responsibility” (CSR) and “corporate citizenship” as points of departure, we consider the extent to which international oil companies have social and political responsibilities in the countries where they operate and what the host country can do to encourage this sort of behavior. We examine the nature of anticorruption legislation in several of the sending countries (including Norway), and look closely at how the Norwegian national oil company (NOC), Statoil, has navigated these ethical waters.
The Accountability and Corporate Social Responsibility of Multinational Corporations for Transgressions in Host States through International Investment Law
