Modelling the acoustoelectric leakage channel of speech information in a telephone set

Purpose: design of the passive device of the speech information protection from acoustoelectric leakage channels and study of the characteristics of protection device using a virtual laboratory bench developed in the Matlab environment. Methods: mathematical modeling using Matlab environment. Practical relevance: designed in the Matlab modeling environment: an equivalent circuit of the telephone set, which makes it possible to simulate acoustoelectric information leakage channels, schematic diagrams of passive protection devices for telephone sets that implement protection methods: limiting low-amplitude signals, filtering high-frequency injection signals and disabling acoustoelectric transducers, a virtual laboratory stand for research of the characteristics of protective device. Using a virtual laboratory stand, the main characteristics of the developed protection devices were studied and their performance was assessed when connected to the telephone network.

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Hardware-software complex of a speech-like interference generator for speech information protection

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1155/1/012055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1155 (1) ◽

pp. 012055

Author(s):

V V Alekseev ◽

A V Yakovlev ◽

M V Moiseeva ◽

A A Tikhomirova

Keyword(s):

Information Protection ◽

Software Complex ◽

Speech Information

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STRAIGHT-TEMPO: a universal tool to manipulate linguistic and para-linguistic speech information

1997 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Computational Cybernetics and Simulation ◽

10.1109/icsmc.1997.638234 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Kawahara

Keyword(s):

Speech Information

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Auditory and Auditory-Visual Perception of Clear and Conversational Speech

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jslhr.4002.432 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 432-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Karen S. Helfer

Keyword(s):

Visual Cues ◽

Presentation Mode ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Visual Speech ◽

Conversational Speech ◽

Clear Speech ◽

Nature Of Information ◽

Speech Cues ◽

Visual Speech Information ◽

Speech Information

Research has shown that speaking in a deliberately clear manner can improve the accuracy of auditory speech recognition. Allowing listeners access to visual speech cues also enhances speech understanding. Whether the nature of information provided by speaking clearly and by using visual speech cues is redundant has not been determined. This study examined how speaking mode (clear vs. conversational) and presentation mode (auditory vs. auditory-visual) influenced the perception of words within nonsense sentences. In Experiment 1, 30 young listeners with normal hearing responded to videotaped stimuli presented audiovisually in the presence of background noise at one of three signal-to-noise ratios. In Experiment 2, 9 participants returned for an additional assessment using auditory-only presentation. Results of these experiments showed significant effects of speaking mode (clear speech was easier to understand than was conversational speech) and presentation mode (auditoryvisual presentation led to better performance than did auditory-only presentation). The benefit of clear speech was greater for words occurring in the middle of sentences than for words at either the beginning or end of sentences for both auditory-only and auditory-visual presentation, whereas the greatest benefit from supplying visual cues was for words at the end of sentences spoken both clearly and conversationally. The total benefit from speaking clearly and supplying visual cues was equal to the sum of each of these effects. Overall, the results suggest that speaking clearly and providing visual speech information provide complementary (rather than redundant) information.

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Informational Masking Effects of Speech Versus Nonspeech Noise on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (10) ◽

pp. 4014-4029

Author(s):

Kathy R. Vander Werff ◽

Christopher E. Niemczak ◽

Kenneth Morse

Keyword(s):

Auditory Processing ◽

Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

Spectral Characteristics ◽

Auditory Evoked Potential ◽

Informational Masking ◽

Neural Encoding ◽

Speech Stimuli ◽

Typical Morphology ◽

Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

Speech Information

Purpose Background noise has been categorized as energetic masking due to spectrotemporal overlap of the target and masker on the auditory periphery or informational masking due to cognitive-level interference from relevant content such as speech. The effects of masking on cortical and sensory auditory processing can be objectively studied with the cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP). However, whether effects on neural response morphology are due to energetic spectrotemporal differences or informational content is not fully understood. The current multi-experiment series was designed to assess the effects of speech versus nonspeech maskers on the neural encoding of speech information in the central auditory system, specifically in terms of the effects of speech babble noise maskers varying by talker number. Method CAEPs were recorded from normal-hearing young adults in response to speech syllables in the presence of energetic maskers (white or speech-shaped noise) and varying amounts of informational maskers (speech babble maskers). The primary manipulation of informational masking was the number of talkers in speech babble, and results on CAEPs were compared to those of nonspeech maskers with different temporal and spectral characteristics. Results Even when nonspeech noise maskers were spectrally shaped and temporally modulated to speech babble maskers, notable changes in the typical morphology of the CAEP in response to speech stimuli were identified in the presence of primarily energetic maskers and speech babble maskers with varying numbers of talkers. Conclusions While differences in CAEP outcomes did not reach significance by number of talkers, neural components were significantly affected by speech babble maskers compared to nonspeech maskers. These results suggest an informational masking influence on neural encoding of speech information at the sensory cortical level of auditory processing, even without active participation on the part of the listener.

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