Magnetic monopoles and Maxwell's equations in N dimensions

Author(s):  
Carlo Andrea Gonano ◽  
Riccardo Enrico Zich
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Luis Pérez

Abstract In this work we study potential fluids, within which eddies exist which have quantum mechanical properties because according to Helmholtz they are made up of an integer number of lines and their displacement in a potential medium is a function of a frequency. However, this system is Lorentz-invariant since Maxwell’s equations can be obtained from it, and this is what we demonstrate here. The considered hypothesis is that the electric charge arises naturally as the intensity of the eddy in the potential fluid, that is, the circulation of the velocity vector of the elements that constitute it, along that potential (it is not another parameter, whose experimental value must be added, as proposed by the standard model of elementary particles). Hence, the electric field appears as the rotational of the velocity field, at each point of the potential medium, and the magnetic field appears as the variation with respect to the velocity field of the potential medium, which is equivalent to the Biot and Savart law. From these considerations, Maxwell’s equations are reached, in particular his second equation which is the non-existence of magnetic monopoles, and the fourth equation which is Ampere’s law, both of which to date are obtained empirically demonstrated theoretically. The electromagnetic field propagation equation is also arrived at, thus this can be considered a demonstration that a potential medium in which eddies exist constitutes a Lorentz-invariant with quantum mechanical properties.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Luis Pérez

Abstract In this work we study potential fluids, within which eddies exist which have quantum mechanical properties because according to Helmholtz they are made up of an integer number of lines and their displacement in a potential medium is a function of a frequency. However, this system is Lorenz-invariant since Maxwell’s equations can be obtained from it, and this is what we demonstrate here. The considered hypothesis is that the electric charge arises naturally as the intensity of the eddy in the potential fluid, that is, the circulation of the velocity vector of the elements that constitute it, along that potential (it is not another parameter, whose experimental value must be added, as proposed by the standard model of elementary particles). Hence, the electric field appears as the rotational of the velocity field, at each point of the potential medium, and the magnetic field appears as the variation with respect to the velocity field of the potential medium, which is equivalent to the Biot and Savart law. From these considerations, Maxwell’s equations are reached, in particular his second equation which is the non-existence of magnetic monopoles, and the fourth equation which is Ampere’s law, both of which to date are obtained empirically demonstrated theoretically. The electromagnetic field propagation equation is also arrived at, thus this can be considered a demonstration that a potential medium in which eddies exist constitutes a Lorenz-invariant with quantum mechanical properties.


2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 885-890
Author(s):  
S. A. Bruce

AbstractWe developed certain symmetries in Maxwell’s equations by incorporating (independent) dynamical degrees of freedom. Once magnetic monopoles are included, it was assessed whether this system can admit electromagnetic-like scalar and pseudo-scalar fields so that a full symmetry may be accomplished. The result is restated in differential forms. The subsequent generalised classical equations of motion for dyons are displayed. In quantum mechanics, we find that, for a given scalar potential, a critical behaviour does not occur and the Dirac vacuum remains stable: the scalar coupling cannot create spontaneous electron-positron pairs.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Severini ◽  
Alessandro Settimi

Maxwell's equations beautifully describe the electromagnetic fields properties. In what follows we will be interested in giving a new perspective to divergence-free Maxwell’s equations regarding the magnetic induction field: ∇·B→(r→,t)=0. To this end we will consider some physical aspects of a system consisting of massive nonrelativistic charged particles, as sources of an electromagnetic field (e.m.) propagating in free space. In particular the link between conservation of total momentum and divergence-free condition for the magnetic induction B→ field will be deeply investigated. This study presents a new context in which the necessary condition for the divergence-free property of the magnetic induction field in the whole space, known as solenoidality condition, directly comes from the conservation of total momentum for the system, that is, sources and field. This work, in general, leads to results that leave some open questions on the existence, or at least the observability, of magnetic monopoles, theoretically plausible only under suitable symmetry assumptions as we will show.


PIERS Online ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fethi Bin Muhammad Belgacem

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