A Critical Review of the Effects of Nicotine and Alcohol Coadministration in Human Laboratory Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah S. Dermody ◽  
Christian S. Hendershot
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Human Laboratory

scholarly journals Translational dynamics of alcohol tolerance of preclinical models and human laboratory studies.

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Carolina L. Haass-Koffler ◽  
Nazzareno Cannella ◽  
Roberto Ciccocioppo
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Tolerance ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Human Laboratory

scholarly journals Alcohol Tolerance in Human Laboratory Studies for Development of Medications to treat Alcohol Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Carolina L Haass-Koffler ◽  
Roberta Perciballi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Tolerance ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Research Opportunity ◽  
Human Laboratory

Abstract Aims Human laboratory studies have contributed extensively in the research and development of novel medications to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). Alcohol tolerance may represent one additional variable that can be utilized to expand the understanding of the AUD wide phenotypic profile and provide support to the medication development process. Tolerance is characterized as an individual’s subjective response to alcohol and has been recognized as a predictor of AUD progression. Tolerance can be evaluated both by self-reported response (e.g. assessments) and objective measurements (e.g. motor impairment); as such, it represents an exploitable variable in the field of alcohol research. Methods This Narrative Review focuses on the use of alcohol tolerance, specifically within alcohol laboratory studies, for medication development. It seeks to identify a research gap and a research opportunity in clinical studies to evaluate biobehavioral responses captured in order to develop medications to treat AUD. Results Alcohol tolerance may provide additional information on the safety and tolerability of medications to treat AUD, in particular, when novel medications are co-administered with alcohol within the AUD population. Conclusions As such, alcohol tolerance represents an additional outcome that may be included in randomized clinical trial (RCT) protocols designed for developing AUD pharmacotherapies.

Methods reporting in human laboratory studies

Addiction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia M. Maynard ◽  
Marcus R. Munafò
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Human Laboratory

scholarly journals Isradipine Decreases the Hemodynamic Response of Cocaine and MethamphetamineResults From Two Human Laboratory Studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
B JOHNSON ◽  
L WELLS ◽  
J ROACHE ◽  
C WALLACE ◽  
N AITDAOUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemodynamic Response ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Human Laboratory

Recovery of 13CO2 and 14CO2 in Human Bicarbonate Studies: A Critical Review with Original Data

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. C. Leijssen ◽  
M. Elia
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Scintillation Fluid ◽  
Rest And Exercise

1. In order to establish biological and/or methodological explanations for the wide variability in recovery (50–100%) of labelled CO2 after administration of [13C]bicarbonate or [14C]bicarbonate, 34 human bicarbonate studies involving 480 subjects were analysed, and potential methodological issues were investigated in the laboratory. 2. Overall, continuous infusion studies reported a higher recovery than bolus studies (84 ± 11% versus 69 ± 12%; P < 0.001). No significant differences in recovery were found between 14C and 13C studies, children and adults, obese and lean subjects, or rest and exercise (steady state). Higher recoveries were found during feeding than during fasting (84 ± 8% versus 74 ± 7%; P < 0.001). Different methods used to analyse the results (0–10%) and different study protocols, which include differences in the duration of infusions and background drift in 13C enrichment (0–10%), contribute to the variability. 3. The laboratory studies suggest multiple sources of potential error, including loss of CO2 from the scintillation fluid (up to >30%, but only in 14C studies in which the scintillation fluid is not alkalized), diffusion of CO2 through syringes and tubing (0 to > 10%), non-linearity of CO2 analysers (up to 8%), inaccuracies in the measurement of bicarbonate concentrations (13C studies) or the strength of CO2-trapping agents (14C studies; 0–8%). 4. It is concluded that much of the variability in the recovery of labelled bicarbonate is likely to be attributable to methodological differences, and that attention to these will ensure better interpretation of metabolic studies that involve oxidation of carbon-labelled substrates.

Human Laboratory Studies of Buprenorphine

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack H. Mendelson ◽  
Nancy K. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Human Laboratory
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