Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit als Faktoren der Lebensdauer überwinternder Larven des Zünslers Pyrausta nubilalis Hübn. und Thigmotaxis, Phototaxis und Hygrophilie als ökologiscbe Faktoren

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
K. Th. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Pyrausta Nubilalis

Scambus pterophori (Ashm.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a New Parasite of the European Corn Borer, Pyrausta nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Canada

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
Marcel Hudon
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
First Record ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Pyrausta Nubilalis ◽  
Experimental Plots

In late August, 1957, a parasitized second-generation pupa of Pyrausta nubilalis (Hbn.) was observed in silks of an immature corn ear in the experimental plots at St. Jean. The pupa was incubated at 75°F. in a petri dish, and two weeks later an ichneumonid parasite emerged and was identified by Mr. G. S. Walley, Entomology Division, Ottawa, as Scambus pterophori (Ashm.). Asecond generation of P. nubilalis is very unusual in the St. Jean area. This is apparently the first record of this ichneumonid as a parasite of P. nubilalis in Canada.

Host Selection in Pyrausta nubilalis, Hübn.

1928 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Thompson ◽  
H. L. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Host Selection ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
New Host ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Sugar Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Pyrausta Nubilalis

During the last few years a number of papers have been published by entomologists in connection with the hypothesis known as the “ Hopkins host-selection principle.” This principle, as defined by Dr. A. D. Hopkins himself, is that an insect species that breeds in two or more hosts will continue to breed in the host to which it has become adapted. Thus, according to this author, the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus monticola, will destroy mountain pine, yellow pine, lodgepole pine and sugar pine, but if it becomes established in one species of pine through many generations, the beetles on emergence show a decided preference for the species in which they have bred and will not, in fact, attack any other. In 1922 Craighead published a paper giving the results of experiments carried on during a number of years with about a dozen species of Cerambycids. He states that in practically all the species studied the adults show a marked predilection for the host in which they have fed as larvae, provided that they are not deterred by other factors. Continued breeding in a given host is said to intensify the preference for that host. With some beetles whose larvae can be transferred to another species of plant and successfully reared therein, this association with the new host for a year, or even less, during the latter part of the larval life is said to determine a preference for this in the resulting adults. The author believes that his experiments may indicate the mode of origin of certain closely related species or varieties. The conclusions at which he has independently arrived were long ago suggested by Walsh. That new forms do not thus arise more rapidly in Nature, Craighead considers to be due to the high mortality of the young larvae in the new hosts.

On a new Species of Ephialtes (Hym., Ichneumonidae) parasitising the Codling Moth

1942 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Perkins
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Pyrausta Nubilalis ◽  
A New Species

In 1939 I dealt with two species of Ephialtes which parasitise the codling moth, Cydia pomonella, L., namely E. caudatus, Ratz., and E. crassiseta, Thoms., and showed how they differed from E. punctulatus, Ratz. (=extensor, Tasch.) with which species they had formerly been confused. During 1940, F. J. Simmonds, of the Imperial Institute of Entomology, sent to the British Museum a series of a species of Ephialtes bred from this same host in the south of France. This is a new species, and it was previously known to me only from a single female which had been bought by D. S. Wilkinson from O. Schmiedeknecht, who had incorrectly named it Pimpla roborator, F. In fact, this new species does not belong to the same species group as Ephialtes (Exeristes) roborator, F., Grav. (=Pimpla roborator, F., Schmied.), which is a well-known parasite of the European Corn Borer (Pyrausta nubilalis, Hb.) and also parasitises many other hosts.As there has been considerable confusion in the synonymy and interpretation of E. roborator, F., it seems advisable to give notes on the relevant type specimens seen by me. It has been impossible to find the type of Ichneumon roborator, F. Gravenhorst's interpretation of this very variable species has therefore been taken. The description given by Schmiedeknecht in his Opuscula Ichneumonologica is adequate for the recognition of the female ; the male is very distinct, having a tubercle in the middle of the clypeus, a character unknown in any other described European species. Pimpla cicatricosa, Ratz., which is given by Schmiedeknecht as a synonym of P. roborator, F., is a distinct species.

Observations on the Influence of Temperature and Humidity on the Bionomics of Dysdercus cingulatus, Fabr.

1930 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dev Raj Mehta
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Insect Ecology ◽  
Dysdercus Cingulatus ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pyrausta Nubilalis

It is being recognized that for a satisfactory solution of many of the wider problems of Applied Entomology, a study of insect ecology is of paramount importance. It is expected that a knowledge of the factors which influence distribution and abundance of insects will arm economic entomologists better in their warfare against pests. Just recently, Lathrop (1923), Shelford (1927), Buxton (1929), Uvarov (1929), Gryse (1929), and others have shown the importance of meteorological phenomena affecting the development, distribution, and activities of insects. Although our knowledge of the two factors so far studied—temperature and humidity—is far from being complete, still the results so far obtained have proved to be of considerable value. Indeed, instances of the practical application of such knowledge are already available. From his studies on the effects of temperature on household insects, Howard (1896) has shown that cold storage provides an effective control of these pests. Pierce (1916) has correlated the relative advance and retreat of the fall army-worm, Laphygma frugiperda, S. & A., with changes in temperature. He maintains that a proper fixation of the zone of effective temperatures may make it possible to alter the sowing time of winter crops to avoid damage from this insect. Barber (1925) explains the decrease of the European corn-borer, Pyrausta nubilalis, Hübn., during certain years on the basis of adverse environmental conditions. A. Howard (1921), from his observations in India, states that there exists a definite relationship between termite activity and soil temperature.

Beitrag zur Bekämpfung des Maiszünslers Pyrausta nubilalis Hb.

1952 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Eberhard Fickewirth
Keyword(s):  
Pyrausta Nubilalis
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