The transmission of an aphid-borne virus (barley yellow dwarf virus) by cereal aphids from wild plant sources in Egypt

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 362-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elnagar ◽  
A. Amin ◽  
M. M. Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Plant Sources

Barley yellow dwarf virus infectivity of cereal aphids trapped at two sites in Victoria

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Smith ◽  
RT Plumb
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Suction Traps ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Test Plants

Alate cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi, R, maidis and Macrosiphum miscanthi avenae, caught in suction traps at Horsham and Burnley for two successive years (1977-78), were tested individually for infectivity with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). R. padi was most numerous, making up 73.1-98.7 % of the total number of cereal aphids trapped at either site in either year. 22.6-61.3 % of R. padi caught were infective, with a larger proportion infective at Horsham than at Burnley in both years. 9.4.43-5 % of M. miscanthi avenae were infective, but there was little difference in the proportion infective between sites. R. maidis were trapped only at Burnley, and only in 1978 were they infective, when 7.8 % transmitted BYDV to test plants. Seasonal variation in the catches of R. padi differed at the two sites. At Horsham most aphids were trapped from August to October, whereas at Burnley most were caught from March to November.

Impact of cereal aphids on wheat yields in southern New South Wales, Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Milne ◽  
R. I. Delves
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The effect of naturally occurring aphid infestations on yield was studied using sprayed and unsprayed plots in commercial wheat crops at a number of sites in southern New South Wales, Australia. In 1990, wheat was planted in April or early May following early autumn rains. Aphids were first found in the crops 4 weeks after the wheat was sown. Numbers were generally low and only at 1 site was there a significant effect on yield. In 1991, sowing was delayed by prolonged dry weather during autumn. Most crops were planted in late May and aphids started to appear only in mid July. There was no significant effect of aphids on yield but most crops were badly affected by drought. In 1991, labelled plants at some sites were used to study the impact of varying levels of aphid infestation on yield. There was a significant negative correlation between the number of aphids and yield per plant at 1 site. In both years, aphid numbers peaked in August or September. Rhopalosiphum padi was virtually the only aphid species found. Leaf samples were collected from 3 sites in 1990 and from all sites in 1991 and tested for barley yellow dwarf virus. The incidence of this virus was very high in 1990 but negligible in 1991. The striking difference in the incidence of barley yellow dwarf virus in the 2 years was most likely the result of later sowing times and delayed arrival of aphids in crops in 1991. Aphids may have a considerable impact on yield in early-sown wheat through transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus.

Studies of elemental composition as a biological marker in insects. III. Comparison of apterous and alate cereal aphids, especially Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), from oats and wheat, and from oats infected with or free from barley yellow dwarf virus

1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bowden ◽  
P. L. Sherlock ◽  
P. G. N. Digby
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

AbstractEnergy dispersive X-ray spectrometry was used to make quantitative determinations of the elemental composition of plasma-ashed apterous and alate individuals of Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). Both morphs of M. dirhodum were reared on wheat grown in potting compost as were the morphs of R. padi but the latter were reared also on oats, free from or infected with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), grown in potting compost. The data were statistically analysed by various multivariate methods, which demonstrated that alatae of both species were more readily separated by their chemoprints than were apterae. There were also clear differences, again in both species, between the two morphs from wheat and the two from oats; the main discriminant elements for R. padi were Fe, Al and Mn, and for M. dirhodum they were Cl, Ca and Al. Alatae of R. padi from healthy and BYDV-infected oats were clearly differentiated from each other and from their apterae; both groups of apterae could also be separated but not as distinctly as the alatae. The discriminant elements for these separations were Fe, Zn and Mn, and possibly Al. The differences between alates, and between alates and apterae, may reflect fundamental differences in homeostatic and metabolic processes in alate and apterous morphs of R. padi.

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