HOST PLANT PREFERENCE OF CEREAL APHIDS IN THE FIELD IN RELATION TO THE ECOLOGY OF BARLEY YELLOW DWARF VIRUS

1961 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. ORLOB
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Host Plant Preference ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

scholarly journals Infection of susceptible/tolerant barley genotypes with Barley yellow dwarf virus alters the host plant preference of Rhopalosiphum padi clones depending upon their ability to transmit BYDV

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kern ◽  
Torsten Meiners ◽  
Edgar Schliephake ◽  
Antje Habekuss ◽  
Frank Ordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Host Plant Preference ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Aphid Clone ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

AbstractDiscovering mechanisms of plant–virus–vector interactions is fundamental to understand their ecology and evolution and to apply this knowledge in plant protection. To study the influence of varying Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) transmission efficiencies on host plant preference of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) clones, we performed host choice experiments with two barley cultivars (BYDV susceptible cv. ‘Rubina’ and BYDV tolerant cv. ‘Vixen’) including healthy and virus-infected plants. For the susceptible barley cultivar ‘Rubina’, aphid clone R07 (high transmission efficiency) preferred BYDV-infected over healthy host plants after 24 h, while clones D10 (medium transmission efficiency) and R09 (low transmission efficiency) preferred neither host. In contrast, BYDV infection of ‘Vixen’ did not affect the plant’s appeal for aphid clone R07. Host plant access, indicated by ingestion and observed by electrical penetration graph technique for a period of 2 h, was facilitated on BYDV-infected cv. ‘Rubina’ for the clones R07 and D10, whereas an opposite effect was observed for the clone R09. For R07 and R09, the difference was not visible after a period of 5 h. As observed earlier for BYDV-infected wheat, enhanced emission of volatile organic compounds associated with virus-induced attraction was detected for BYDV-infected cv. ‘Rubina.’ It is concluded that host plant preference is possibly linked with a high BYDV transmission efficiency as observed for the clone R07, leading to a fitness advantage of this clone as indicated by early increased ingestion. This advantage is not present on BYDV-tolerant genotypes most likely due to the absence of infection symptoms.

scholarly journals Asymmetrical Distribution of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus PAV Variants Between Host Plant Species

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila Mastari ◽  
Hervé Lapierre ◽  
Johannes T. Dessens
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Capsid Protein Gene ◽  
Host Plant Species ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

A large epidemiological study of the genetic variation of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) serotype PAV involving different host plant species was conducted. French BYDV PAV isolates were collected from barley and ryegrass, and their capsid protein gene sequences characterized using restriction fragment length polymorphism, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and sequence analyses. The data show that BYDV PAV isolates from five different continents are separated into two distinct groups named cpA and cpB, which are distributed irrespective of geographical location. Amino acid identity of the capsid proteins ranged from 93 to 99.5% in group cpA and from 95 to 99.5% in group cpB, while this value was only from 82 to 88% between the groups. Moreover, isolates from each group were found preferentially (up to 98%) in one of the two plant species examined. These results show that host plant species play a role in isolate selection and maintenance and that they contribute to the genetic diversity of BYDV PAV.

Barley yellow dwarf virus infectivity of cereal aphids trapped at two sites in Victoria

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Smith ◽  
RT Plumb
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Suction Traps ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Test Plants

Alate cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi, R, maidis and Macrosiphum miscanthi avenae, caught in suction traps at Horsham and Burnley for two successive years (1977-78), were tested individually for infectivity with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). R. padi was most numerous, making up 73.1-98.7 % of the total number of cereal aphids trapped at either site in either year. 22.6-61.3 % of R. padi caught were infective, with a larger proportion infective at Horsham than at Burnley in both years. 9.4.43-5 % of M. miscanthi avenae were infective, but there was little difference in the proportion infective between sites. R. maidis were trapped only at Burnley, and only in 1978 were they infective, when 7.8 % transmitted BYDV to test plants. Seasonal variation in the catches of R. padi differed at the two sites. At Horsham most aphids were trapped from August to October, whereas at Burnley most were caught from March to November.

Impact of cereal aphids on wheat yields in southern New South Wales, Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Milne ◽  
R. I. Delves
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The effect of naturally occurring aphid infestations on yield was studied using sprayed and unsprayed plots in commercial wheat crops at a number of sites in southern New South Wales, Australia. In 1990, wheat was planted in April or early May following early autumn rains. Aphids were first found in the crops 4 weeks after the wheat was sown. Numbers were generally low and only at 1 site was there a significant effect on yield. In 1991, sowing was delayed by prolonged dry weather during autumn. Most crops were planted in late May and aphids started to appear only in mid July. There was no significant effect of aphids on yield but most crops were badly affected by drought. In 1991, labelled plants at some sites were used to study the impact of varying levels of aphid infestation on yield. There was a significant negative correlation between the number of aphids and yield per plant at 1 site. In both years, aphid numbers peaked in August or September. Rhopalosiphum padi was virtually the only aphid species found. Leaf samples were collected from 3 sites in 1990 and from all sites in 1991 and tested for barley yellow dwarf virus. The incidence of this virus was very high in 1990 but negligible in 1991. The striking difference in the incidence of barley yellow dwarf virus in the 2 years was most likely the result of later sowing times and delayed arrival of aphids in crops in 1991. Aphids may have a considerable impact on yield in early-sown wheat through transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus.

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