PHB-degrading bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of aquatic animals as protective actors against luminescent vibriosis

Abstract Gluten is a cereal protein that is incompletely digested by human proteolytic enzymes that create immunogenic peptides that accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Although both environmental and human bacteria have been shown to expedite gluten hydrolysis, gluten intolerance is a growing concern. Here we hypothesize that together with food, we acquire environmental bacteria that could impact our GIT with gluten-degrading bacteria. Using in vitro gastrointestinal simulation conditions, we evaluated the capacity of endophytic bacteria that inhabit root vegetables, potato (Solanum tuberosum), carrot (Daucus sativus), beet (Beta vulgaris), and topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke) (Helianthus tuberosus), to resist these conditions and degrade gluten. By 16S rDNA sequencing, we discovered that bacteria from the families Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae, and Clostridiaceae most effectively multiply in conditions similar to the human GIT (microoxic conditions, 37 °C) while utilizing vegetable material and gluten as nutrients. Additionally, we used stomach simulation (1 h, pH 3) and intestinal simulation (1 h, bile salts 0.4%) treatments. The bacteria that survived this treatment retained the ability to degrade gluten epitopes but at lower levels. Four bacterial strains belonging to species Bacillus pumilus, Clostridium subterminale, and Clostridium sporogenes isolated from vegetable roots produced proteases with postproline cleaving activity that successfully neutralized the toxic immunogenic epitopes. Key points • Bacteria from root vegetables can degrade gluten. • Some of these bacteria can resist conditions mimicking gastrointestinal tract.

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The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.03742-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 80 (5) ◽

pp. 1595-1601 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Aaron W. Miller ◽

Kevin D. Kohl ◽

M. Denise Dearing

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Content Type ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Plant Secondary Compound ◽

And Function ◽

Toxic Plant ◽

Dietary Oxalate

ABSTRACTThe microbiota inhabiting the mammalian gut is a functional organ that provides a number of services for the host. One factor that may regulate the composition and function of gut microbial communities is dietary toxins. Oxalate is a toxic plant secondary compound (PSC) produced in all major taxa of vascular plants and is consumed by a variety of animals. The mammalian herbivoreNeotoma albigulais capable of consuming and degrading large quantities of dietary oxalate. We isolated and characterized oxalate-degrading bacteria from the gut contents of wild-caught animals and used high-throughput sequencing to determine the distribution of potential oxalate-degrading taxa along the gastrointestinal tract. Isolates spanned three genera:Lactobacillus,Clostridium, andEnterococcus. Over half of the isolates exhibited significant oxalate degradationin vitro, and allLactobacillusisolates contained theoxcgene, one of the genes responsible for oxalate degradation. Although diverse potential oxalate-degrading genera were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, they were most concentrated in the foregut, where dietary oxalate first enters the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesize that unique environmental conditions present in each gut region provide diverse niches that select for particular functional taxa and communities.

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POTENCY OF LIGNOCELLULOSE DEGRADING BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM BUFFALO AND HORSE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND ELEPHANT DUNG FOR FEED FIBER DEGRADATION

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.35.1.34-41 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. Wahyudi ◽

M.N. Cahyanto ◽

M. Soejono ◽

Z. Bachruddin

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Fiber Degradation ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Elephant Dung

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Screening of Cellulose - Degrading Bacteria Associated with Gastrointestinal Tract of Hybrid Abalone as Probiotic Candidates

International Journal of Aquaculture ◽

10.5376/ija.2016.06.0010 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhamad Amin

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Degrading Bacteria

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Dietary Exposure to Additives and Sorbed Contaminants from Ingested Microplastic Particles Through the Consumption of Fisheries and Aquaculture Products

10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_8 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 261-310

Author(s):

Esther Garrido Gamarro ◽

Violetta Costanzo

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Food Safety ◽

Exposure Assessment ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Risk Assessments ◽

Aquatic Animals ◽

Aquaculture Products

AbstractMicroplastics and nanoplastics may be found in the gastrointestinal tract of some aquatic animals and could potentially be ingested by humans if consumed whole. Information on the toxicity of plastic particles, as well as co-contaminants such as plastic additives, remains scarce. This represents a serious challenge to perform realistic risk assessments. An exposure assessment of selected plastic additives and co-contaminants of known toxicity associated with microplastics was carried out for shellfish in this study, which builds on an exposure assessment of microplastic additives and a limited number of associated contaminants in mussels conducted by the FAO in 2017. This study evaluates possible impacts to food safety by examining a diverse additives and associated sorbed contaminants. The results suggest that the levels of certain microplastic additives and sorbed co-contaminants in target animals (shrimp, prawns, clams, oysters, and mussels) do not pose a food safety threat to consumers. To get to further conclusions, an exposure assessment from the whole diet should be carried out and the toxicity of some of the most common polymers and plastic additives, as well as their mixtures, needs to be carefully evaluated.

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Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700062603 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Susan T. Bagley

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Habitat Associations ◽

Habitat Association ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

Almost All ◽

Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

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