scholarly journals Impaired differential learning of fear versus safety signs in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Elsner ◽  
Benedikt Reuter ◽  
Mahboba Said ◽  
Clas Linnman ◽  
Norbert Kathmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Differential Learning

scholarly journals Impaired differential learning of fear versus safety signs in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Elsner ◽  
Benedikt Reuter ◽  
Mahboba Said ◽  
Clas Linnman ◽  
Norbert Kathmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Learning Impairments ◽  
Differential Learning ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Reversal Procedure ◽  
Healthy Control

AbstractPavlovian learning mechanisms are of great importance both for models of psychiatric disorders and treatment approaches, but understudied in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Using an established Pavlovian fear conditioning and reversal procedure, we studied skin conductance responses (SCRs) in 41 patients with OCD and in 32 matched healthy control participants. Within both groups, fear acquisition and reversal effects were evident. When comparing groups, patients showed impaired differential learning of threatening and safe stimuli, consistent with previous research. In contrast to prior findings, differential learning impairments were restricted to fear acquisition, and not observed in the reversal stage of the experiment. As previous and present fear reversal experiments in OCD differed in the use of color coding to facilitate stimulus discrimination, the studies converge to suggest that differential learning of threatening versus safe stimuli is impaired in OCD, but manifests itself differently depending on the difficulty of the association to be learned. When supported by the addition of color, patients with OCD previously appeared to acquire an association early but failed to reverse it according to changed contingencies. In absence of such color coding of stimuli, our data suggest that patients with OCD already show differential learning impairments during fear acquisition, which may relate to findings of altered coping with uncertainty previously observed in OCD. Impaired differential learning of threatening versus safe stimuli should be studied further in OCD, in order to determine whether impairments in differential learning predict CBT treatment outcomes in patients, and whether they are etiologically relevant for OCD.

Behavioral Problems in Obsessive—Compulsive Disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 440-440
Author(s):  
Hirsch Lazaar Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Can patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder discriminate between percepts and mental images? A signal detection analysis.

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halle D. Brown ◽  
Stephen M. Kosslyn ◽  
Hans C. Breiter ◽  
Lee Baer ◽  
Michael A. Jenike
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mental Images ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Signal Detection Analysis

Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: What Is New?

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-609
Author(s):  
Judith L. Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Behavior Therapy and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Steven Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: What Happens After 40 Years?

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Skoog ◽  
I. Skoog
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder
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