First-Order Perturbation Analysis of Transient Interlaminar Thermal Stress in Composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 560-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. R. Wang ◽  
T.-W. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Analysis ◽  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Order Perturbation ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Order Analysis ◽  
First Order ◽  
Laminate Thickness ◽  
First Order Perturbation

The first-order perturbation analysis of the three-dimensional transient interlaminar thermal stresses of a symmetric composite laminate has been performed in this paper. Numerical results for a four-layer angle-ply laminate have shown that the first-order analysis was necessary for the solution of thick laminate (thickness-to-width ratio ε ≥ 0.02).

scholarly journals Perturbed Characteristic Functions: Application to the Linearized Gravitational Field

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
HA Buchdahl
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Order Perturbation ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Volume Integral ◽  
First Order ◽  
The World ◽  
First Order Perturbation

The first-order perturbation induced by the first-order perturbation of a given Lagrangian in its associated characteristic function V is given by a simple integral along the unperturbed extremals. This result is applied to the world characteristic of the linearized gravitational field. Various specialized situations are considered. For example, to obtain V(1) in the quasi-Newtonian approximation one merely needs to evaluate a three-dimensional volume integral over the product of the energy density and a type of two-point Green's function.

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