Temporary Threshold Shift from Octave‐Band Noise: Applications to Damage‐Risk Criteria

1959 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dixon Ward ◽  
Aram Glorig ◽  
Diane L. Sklar
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Risk Criteria ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Damage Risk

Decay of Temporary Threshold Shift in Noise

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Mills ◽  
Seija A. Talo ◽  
Gloria S. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Sound Field ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Lower Asymptote

Groups of monaural chinchillas trained in behavioral audiometry were exposed in a diffuse sound field to an octave-band noise centered at 4.0 k Hz. The growth of temporary threshold shift (TTS) at 5.7 k Hz from zero to an asymptote (TTS ∞ ) required about 24 hours, and the growth of TTS at 5.7 k Hz from an asymptote to a higher asymptote, about 12–24 hours. TTS ∞ can be described by the equation TTS ∞ = 1.6(SPL-A) where A = 47. These results are consistent with those previously reported in this journal by Carder and Miller and Mills and Talo. Whereas the decay of TTS ∞ to zero required about three days, the decay of TTS ∞ to a lower TTS ∞ required about three to seven days. The decay of TTS ∞ in noise, therefore, appears to require slightly more time than the decay of TTS ∞ in the quiet. However, for a given level of noise, the magnitude of TTS ∞ is the same regardless of whether the TTS asymptote is approached from zero, from a lower asymptote, or from a higher asymptote.

Temporary threshold shift in pinnipeds induced by octave‐band noise in water

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 2251-2251
Author(s):  
David Kastak ◽  
Brandon L. Southall ◽  
Ronald J. Schusterman ◽  
Colleen J. Reichmuth
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Band Noise

Temporary Threshold Shifts Produced by Exposure to High-Frequency Noise

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Mills ◽  
Seija A. Talo
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Band Noise

Four chinchillas, monaural and trained in behavioral audiometry, were exposed for 24 days in a diffuse-sound field to an octave-band noise centered at 4.0 k Hz. The octave-band levels (OBL re 0.0002 ubar) were 57 dB for Days 1 to 6; 65 dB for Days 7 to 12; 72 dB for Days 13 to 18; and 80 dB for Days 19 to 24. At regular intervals throughout the noise exposure each animal was removed from the noise and threshold measurements were made. For each level of noise, temporary threshold shift reached an asymptote. In the frequency region of maximum effect, the relation between temporary threshold shift and the level of the noise is given by the equation TTS 4 ∞ = 1.6 (OBL-47) where TTS 4 ∞ is the temporary threshold shift at asymptote measured at a postexposure time of four minutes. These results for a noise centered at 4.0 k Hz in combination with those results for a noise centered at 0.5 k Hz suggest that bands of noise produce equal TTS 4 ∞ when the levels of the noises are equated for the acoustic properties of the external ear (including the head) and the inner ear.

Underwater temporary threshold shift induced by octave-band noise in three species of pinniped

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 1142-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kastak ◽  
Ronald J. Schusterman ◽  
Brandon L. Southall ◽  
Colleen J. Reichmuth
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Octave Band ◽  
Band Noise

Damage Risk: An Evaluation of the Effects of Exposure to 85 versus 90 dBA of Noise

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Yates ◽  
Jerry D. Ramsey ◽  
Jay W. Holland
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Full Day ◽  
Damage Risk

The purpose of this study was to compare the damage risk of 85 and 90 dBA of white noise for equivalent full-day exposures. The damage risk of the two noise levels was determined by comparing the temporary threshold shift (TTS) of 12 subjects exposed to either 85 or 90 dBA of white noise for equivalent half- and full-day exposures. TTS was determined by comparing the pre- and postexposure binaural audiograms of each subject at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz. It was concluded that the potential damage risk, that is, hazardous effect, of 90 dBA is greater than 85 dBA of noise for equivalent full-day exposures. The statistical difference between the overall effects of equivalent exposures to 85 dBA as compared to 90 dBA of noise could not be traced to any one frequency. The damage risk of a full-day exposure to 85 dBA is equivalent to that of a half-day exposure to 90 dBA of noise. Within the limits of this study, TTS t was as effective as TTS 2 for estimating the damage risk of noise exposure.

THE TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT OF VIBRATORY SENSATION INDUCED BY HAND-ARM VIBRATION COMPOSED OF FOUR ONE-THIRD OCTAVE BAND VIBRATIONS

1997 ◽  
Vol 200 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nishiyama ◽  
K. Taoda ◽  
H. Yamashita ◽  
S. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Octave Band

Spectral and Temporal Parameters of Contralateral Signals Altering Temporary Threshold Shift

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Karlovich ◽  
Terry L. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Contralateral Stimulation ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Contralateral Ear

The test ear of each of nine normal-hearing subjects was exposed for three minutes to a 1000-Hz tone at 110 dB SPL. Either a 4000-Hz tone at 105 dB SPL or a broad-band noise at 100 dB SPL was presented to the contralateral ear during exposure. Four different temporal patterns were used for each contralateral signal: (1) continuous, (2) 18 seconds on/18 seconds off, (3) 1.8 seconds on/1.8 seconds off, and (4) 0.18 seconds on/0.18 seconds off. A control condition, consisting of the absence of contralateral stimulation, also was used. Pre- and postexposure thresholds for the test ear were tracked at a signal one-half octave above the exposure frequency. Resultant data indicated that reduction in temporary threshold shift was greatest for conditions involving rapidly pulsed (1.8 and 0.18 seconds on-off) contralateral signals. We hypothesized that these data were reflective of the dynamic properties of the acoustic reflex. Specifically, we posited that the acoustic reflex manifests less adaptation in response to rapid signal-repetition rates and relatively more adaptation to sustained or slowly pulsed signals.

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