Full inclusion of symmetry in constructing Wannier functions: Chemical bonding in MgO and TiO2 crystals

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2072-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Évarestov ◽  
D. E. Usvyat ◽  
V. P. Smirnov
2005 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Evarestov ◽  
V. P. Smirnov ◽  
D. E. Usvyat

Author(s):  
M. L. Knotek

Modern surface analysis is based largely upon the use of ionizing radiation to probe the electronic and atomic structure of the surfaces physical and chemical makeup. In many of these studies the ionizing radiation used as the primary probe is found to induce changes in the structure and makeup of the surface, especially when electrons are employed. A number of techniques employ the phenomenon of radiation induced desorption as a means of probing the nature of the surface bond. These include Electron- and Photon-Stimulated Desorption (ESD and PSD) which measure desorbed ionic and neutral species as they leave the surface after the surface has been excited by some incident ionizing particle. There has recently been a great deal of activity in determining the relationship between the nature of chemical bonding and its susceptibility to radiation damage.


Author(s):  
Bernd Ahrbeck ◽  
Jeanmarie Badar ◽  
James Kauffman ◽  
Marion Felder ◽  
Katrin Schneiders
Keyword(s):  

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Bullock

This paper outlines some of the challenges that prevent Muslim women from becoming full members of the Ummah. Although we often hear of the rights of"women in ]slam'' in the abstract,1 we must know the specifics to improve the lives of Muslim women in reality. This paper tries to provide those specifics. It does not analyze the items, since the issues covered are many and disparate; rather, it simply highlights some concerns so that qual­ified practitioners can discuss and debate remedies. The bulk of this paper's main concern is to address some of the obstacles that hamper efforts to alleviate these challenges. The first section presents the list of challenges, while the second sec­tion discusses these obstacles. The paper concludes with a series of proposals intended to assuage the listed problems. Therefore, its focus is on more broad-based remedies rather than a specific remedy for a specific problem. The paper's underlying assump­tions are that women should be fully included in the Ummah and that this is not the case now. To make this clear, a definition of "full inclusion in the Ummah" is given before the paper proceeds to listing the challenges ...


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