Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced symptomatic urinary tract infection in children with vesicoureteral reflux, but not scarring

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-52 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Philipp Dahm ◽  
Jane M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽  
Renal Scarring ◽  
Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Randomized Intervention ◽  
Tract Infections

This chapter summarizes the Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR) trial, a landmark trial that randomized children with vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed after a first or second febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infection to receive trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis versus placebo. It found that antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the incidence of recurrent febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infection but had little effect on renal scarring. Recurrent febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infections resistant pathogens were increased. This study provides the underpinning for guidelines that advocate for low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for the first year of life; however, this remains an area of considerable controversy.

scholarly journals Microbial Resistance Caused by Antibiotic Prophylaxis with Amoxicillin in a Male Infant with Vesicoureteral Reflux

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Kazuto Taniguchi ◽  
Sakumo Kii ◽  
Masafumi Oka ◽  
Kazuyasu Uemichi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Microbial Resistance

Vesicoureteral reflux is a common condition in infants with urinary tract infection. Although antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection is widely performed, its effectiveness remains controversial. Herein we report a seven- month-old boy with vesicoureteral reflux. Antibiotic prophylaxis with amoxicillin caused microbial resistance accompanied by recurrent urinary tract infection. Subsequent antibiotic prophylaxis with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was effective until spontaneous remission of vesicoureteral reflux occurred. Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, but not amoxicillin, should be considered as an agent for antibiotic prophylaxis in infants with vesicoureteral reflux.

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