CHROMOSOMES OF CHINESE SPRING WHEAT CARRYING GENES FOR CROSSABILITY WITH BETZES BARLEY

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak ◽  
Perry Y. Jui
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat

Chromosome substitution lines of the variety Hope in Chinese Spring (Triticum aestivum L.) were crossed onto Betzes barley (Hordeum vulgare L. emend. Lam.). Three substitution lines of Hope involving chromosomes 5A, 5B, 5D gave no seed-set indicating that their counterparts in Chinese Spring were responsible for crossability with barley and that they function in complementary fashion. Other chromosomes of Hope had minor effects on crossability with barley.

Chromosomes in 'Cadet' and 'Rescue' wheats carrying loci for cold hardiness and vernalization response

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

'Rescue', 'Cadet', and the 42 reciprocal chromosome substitution lines derived from these two spring wheat cultivars were tested for vernalization response and cold hardiness. Cold hardiness was tested after hardening under a 16-h day for 8 weeks with 6 °C day and 4 °C night temperatures or in the dark for 7 weeks at 0.8 °C followed by 8 weeks at −5 °C. Chromosomes 5A, 5B, 7B, and possibly 2A carried loci for vernalization response. Chromosomes 2A, 5A, and 5B carried loci affecting cold hardiness measured after 8 weeks in the light at 6 °C during the day and 4 °C at night, whereas chromosomes 6A, 3B, 5B, and 5D were involved in cold hardiness after hardening in the dark at 0.8 °C followed by −5 °C. The results suggest that the rank order of cultivars for cold hardiness depends on the hardening technique used since the two different techniques tested had different genetic and presumably somewhat different biochemical bases.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cold hardiness, vernalization.

Microsatellites confirm the authenticity of inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 101 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pestsova ◽  
E. Salina ◽  
A. Börner ◽  
V. Korzun ◽  
O. I. Maystrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

PRODUCTION, MORPHOLOGY AND MEIOSIS OF RECIPROCAL BARLEY-WHEAT HYBRIDS

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Genome ◽  
Cytological Abnormalities ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

The intercrossing of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Betzes) yielded hybrids at a frequency of 0.80% of pollinated florets for the barley-wheat combinations and 0.23% for the reciprocal cross. An increase in homoeologous pairing of wheat chromosomes was observed in both hybrids compared with the pairing observed in wheat haploids indicating that the barley genome had pairing promoting properties. Cytological abnormalities such as hyperploid meiotic cells and isochromosomes were attributed to abnormalities at premeiotic mitosis.

Natural outcrossing in wheat substitution lines

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Redden
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Substitution Line ◽  
Intermediate Phenotype ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Starch Gel

The frequency of natural outcrossing in two chromosome substitution lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) was estimated with one procedure and in a third substitution line with another method. The first procedure utilized a dominant inhibitor of awns as the marker to detect outcrosses in the progeny of an awned line. This trial was repeated at five locations. Segregation tests indicated that up to 80 (0.32%) awnless outcrosses were present in an estimated sample of 25,450 progeny. The second method measured outcrossing between a substitution line and two unrelated varieties by observing the intermediate phenotype of the F1 spike. Confirmation of hybridity was obtained for each plant by using starch gel electrophoresis on the endosperm of five F2 seeds from the intermediate F1 spike. This method indicated 0.16% natural outcrossing.

Changes in the fertility and meiotic behaviour of barley (Hordeum vulgare) × wheat (Triticum aestivum) hybrids regenerated from tissue cultures

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Molnár-Láng ◽  
G. Galiba ◽  
G. Kovács ◽  
J. Sutka
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Regenerant Plants

A total of 41 regenerant plants were raised from two consecutive in vitro propagation cycles from a barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Martonvásári 50) × wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring) hybrid. The second-cycle regenerants exhibited great variability for most morphological traits. The female fertility of certain regenerant hybrids considerably exceeded that of the initial hybrid, giving substantially higher seed set when pollinated with wheat. This character was transferred to the BC1 and BC2 progeny produced from the regenerants. The cytological analysis of the second-cycle regenerants indicated that these had a higher degree of meiotic instability than the initial hybrid. The proportion of cells with 28 chromosomes (21 wheat + 7 barley) dropped to one-half of that in the initial hybrid, with a rise in the number of hypoploid and hyperploid cells. The number of chiasmata per cell increased from 1.7 in the initial hybrid to 4.7 in the regenerants, and there was also an increase in the number of misdivisions.Key words: intergeneric hybrid, tissue culture, fertility, meiotic behaviour, somaclonal variation.

scholarly journals SELEÇÃO DE PLANTAS QUANTIFICADORAS DE HERBICIDAS RESIDUAIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDERSON LUIZ NUNES ◽  
RIBAS ANTONIO VIDAL
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L

A determinação da concentração de compostos no solo por meio de plantas quantificadoras apresenta como principal vantagem detectar somente resíduos biologicamente ativos, não havendo necessidade de instrumentos onerosos e de prévia extração dos resíduos do solo. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar plantas quantificadoras da presença de herbicidas residuais (pré emergentes) para o uso em bioensaios. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental completamente casualizado com arranjo bifatorial 8 x 6, com cinco repetições. O fator A consistiu de espécies cultiváveis e o fator B de herbicidas aplicados em pré emergência. Os resultados evidenciaram que a sensibilidade na detecção do herbicida no solo depende da espécie utilizada. A sensibilidade das espécies Lactuca sativa L. e Raphanus sativus var. sativus L. não permitiu condições de quantificar a presença dos herbicidas atrazina, cloransulam, imazaquin, metribuzin e S-metolacloro. Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus Metzger é potencial quantificador de imazaquin e S metolacloro. Plantas de Curcubita pepo L. são promissoras na bioavaliação de metribuzin. A espécie Cucumis sativus L. mostrou-se potencial bioindicadora de cloransulan e imazaquin. Avena sativa L. apresentou-se como potencial quantificadora de imazaquin e metribuzin. Hordeum vulgare L. pode quantificar o metribuzin e Triticum aestivum L. é promissor na detecção da biodisponibilidade de atrazina.

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