Transmission of an alien telocentric addition chromosome in common wheat that confers blue seed color

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. P. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Chromosome Behavior ◽  
Phenotypic Markers ◽  
Telocentric Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
Meiotic Analyses ◽  
Color Gene

Phenotypic markers of chromosomes are useful for determining chromosome behavior in cytogenetic studies. Transmission of an alien, telocentric addition from Agropyron tricophorum (Link) Richt. that confers purple aleurone pigment and blue seed color was evaluated in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Twenty-five of 2570 seeds from bagged heads of eight ditelocentric-addition sister plants were almost white rather than blue. Seven of these 25 seeds and 4 of 336 blue seeds segregated 41.4%:58.6% blue:white. Meiotic analyses showed that all plants grown from these 11 seeds were spontaneously produced monotelocentric additions. Transmission of the alien telocentric chromosome through the egg and the pollen was estimated to be 19.5 and 14.3%, respectively, based on BC1F1 seed color. About 28% of F2 and F3 seeds were blue; of these 7.4% were ditelocentric additions. The frequency of blue seed in F2 progeny from spontaneous monotelocentric additions (41.4%) was significantly greater than that of monotelocentric additions from controlled crosses (28%). Penetrance of the blue seed color gene(s) associated with the alien telocentric chromosome was good. Misclassification of seed color for 1595 BC1F1 seeds was less than 3% based on BC1F2 progeny.Key words: Agropyron tricophorum.

THE ANALYSIS OF MEIOSIS IN HYBRIDS. I. ANEUPLOID HYBRIDS

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kimber ◽  
L. C. Alonso ◽  
P. J. Sallee
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Equal Frequency ◽  
Chromosome Behavior ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Genomic Relationships ◽  
Meiotic Analyses

The use of telocentric chromosomes in the analysis of the genomic relationships of wheat Triticum aestivum L. em Thell. and its relatives is described and 20 examples are given. The connection between this method of analysis and other mathematical theories of chromosome pairing in hybrids is established. A demonstration of the validity of the assumption that all chromosome arms pair at an equal frequency in calculating expected meiotic analyses is presented. This establishes a practical basis for the development of further mathematical models for predicting meiotic chromosome behavior. Numerical values of the genomic relationships of wheat and its immediate relatives are given.

Transmission of a chromosome from decaploid Agropyron elongatum that confers resistance to the wheat curl mite in common wheat

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest D. P. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tulipae ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Meiotic Analyses

One of the group 6 chromosomes from Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauv. confers resistance to colonization by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tulipae Keifer). The transmission of this chromosome was evaluated when added to or substituted for the group 6 homoeologues in two cultivars of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Female transmission of the alien chromosome was similar for all substitutions (8.9%) but significantly less than expected. Male transmission (39.7%) differed among the substituted chromosomes and also was lower than expected except for the substitution involving chromosome 6A. These reduced transmission frequencies were reflected in lower than expected resistance in the F2 progeny. Both male (14.5%) and female (5.2%) transmission of the alien chromosome were reduced in monosomic additions. Meiotic analyses detected all expected F2 cytotypes but some of their frequencies differed among the substituted chromosomes. A possible wheat –alien translocation was detected in BC1F1 progeny.Key words: Agropyron elongatum, Thinopyrum, Elytrigia, Lyphopyrum, wheat curl mite, chromosome substitution.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND MEIOTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXTRACTED AABB TETRAPLOID COMPONENT OF THREE VARIETIES OF COMMON WHEAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kaltsikes ◽  
L. E. Evans ◽  
E. N. Larter
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Seed Color

The extracted AABB component of three varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) did not resemble presently grown varieties of durum wheat (T. turdigum var. durum). Relative to their corresponding hexaploid, the extracted AABB tetraploids exhibited reduced vigour, finer leaves, smaller and denser spikes, almost identical seed color, shorter stature, delayed maturity, and, with one exception, produced fewer tillers per plant. The three extracted tetraploids exhibited normal meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility.

Effects of an Agropyron chromosome on endosperm proteins in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 465-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Soliman ◽  
J. E. Bernardin ◽  
C. O. Qualset
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Endosperm Proteins

Transmission of a wheat alien chromosome translocation with resistance to the wheat curl mite in common wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. P. Whelan ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
J. B. Thomas ◽  
A. D. Kuzyk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Chromosome Translocation ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Selfed Progeny ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tulipae ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Homozygous Resistant

A translocation between a common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosome and chromosome 6 of Elytrigia pontica (Podp.) Holub conferred resistance to feeding by Eriophyes (= Aceria) tulipae Keifer, the mite vector of wheat streak mosaic virus and the wheat spot mosaic agent. Resistance was dominant, but differential transmission occurred between the pollen and the egg. Transmission of resistance through the pollen was low, about 3% in 'Cadet', 'Rescue', and 'Winalta', but significantly higher in 'Norstar' (9.1%). Significant differences also were detected in transmission through the egg. 'Cadet' had the highest transmission (50.9%) and 'Rescue' the lowest (40.5%). However, there were no significant differences among varieties in the frequencies of resistance (50.3–54.5%) in the F2. Less than 10% of the F2 plants were homozygous resistant. Selfed progeny from monosomic or disomic F1 plants from crosses between the homozygous translocation and group-6 monosomics all segregated for susceptibility. Meiotic studies of 25 susceptible F2 plants from these F1 monosomics showed that 21 were either monosomic or disomic and only 4 were nullisomic, indicating that the translocation did not involve any of the group-6 homoeologues. The translocation is considered to be a noncompensating translocation involving a whole arm of chromosome 6 of E. pontica.Key words: wheat, mite (wheat curl), translocation, Triticum.

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