Distribution and density of glochidia of the freshwater mussel Anodonta kennerlyi on fish hosts in lakes of the temperate rain forest of Vancouver Island

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
André L Martel ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Lauzon-Guay
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Dolly Varden Salvelinus Malma ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Primary Habitat

We examined the distribution and abundance of glochidia of the freshwater mussel Anodonta kennerlyi Lea, 1860 on local fishes in three temperate rain forest lakes near Bamfield, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Fishes involved in the life cycle of the mussel were the prickly sculpin (Cottus asper Richardson, 1836), threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758), Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma (Walbaum, 1792)), and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1836)). For each lake, we assessed which fish was the most important for larval propagation and recruitment of the mussel by considering the fish's primary habitat, the percentage of fish in a sample with glochidia, and the abundance of glochidia on sampled fish. Also, an alternative method for quantifying the glochidia's "preference" for a host consisted of measuring the number of glochidia per unit area of fish body surface (larval density). We digitized the surface area of fins and head, i.e., the areas used by glochidia for settlement. Every fish species in each lake dispersed the glochidia. There was, however, a sharp gradient in the intensity of the fish–mussel linkage among fishes. Fishes that co-occurred most often with mussels, such as sculpins and sticklebacks, had the highest density of glochidia. Larval density on fishes also revealed the existence of between-lake differences in glochidia preference.

Ancient temperate rain forest research in British Columbia

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville N. Winchester
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Forest Diversity ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Ancient Forests

AbstractThis paper is a tribute to Dr. R.A. Ring upon his retirement. During the past 12 years (1993–2005), an emerging canopy research program has established a wealth of baseline information on the structure and functioning of temperate rain forest canopy arthropod communities. Studies from research sites on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, have shown that ancient temperate rain forest canopy ecosystems contain a largely undescribed fauna that is specific to habitat features found only in these canopies. In particular, diverse assemblages of free-living mites have been shown to dominate conifer species and canopy microhabitats. For example, oribatid mites are the dominant arthropod fauna on branches, branches with attached lichens, and suspended soil accumulations. Species composition differs significantly between the ground and the canopy at both the family and the species level. Arboreal specificity may be due to intrinsic variation in habitat quality, habitat architecture, patchiness, and (or) resource availability. The prevalent patterns of habitat specialization, low vagility, and restricted distribution displayed by a large percentage of the resident canopy microarthropods are features often associated with forest ecoregions that have enjoyed relatively stable conditions for long periods of time, as have the ancient forests on Vancouver Island. Investigators in the “one-Ring lab” continue to document the diversity and abundance of canopy arthropods of temperate forests in British Columbia. In particular, studies are concerned with defining the organizing principles that elicit community patterns associated with the various levels of complexity in arboreal communities. Our long-term goal is to provide a greater degree of predictability when addressing temperate forest diversity issues. To meet the stated goals of sustainable forest management and retention of biodiversity, an extensive plan of ecological research that features arthropods is needed. This plan, fostered by Dr. Ring, should have as a priority the inventory and cataloguing of species assemblages and should address dynamic processes such as organismal dispersal and the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on arthropods in ancient forests.

Metabolic performance and thermal preference of Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi and non-native trout across an ecologically relevant range of temperatures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille J. Macnaughton ◽  
Travis C. Durhack ◽  
Neil J. Mochnacz ◽  
Eva C. Enders
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Intermittent Flow ◽  
Performance Curve ◽  
Westslope Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
Metabolic Performance

The physiology and behaviour of fish are strongly affected by ambient water temperature. Physiological traits related to metabolism, such as aerobic scope (AS), can be measured across temperature gradients and the resulting performance curve reflects the thermal niche that fish can occupy. We measured AS of Westslope Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 22°C and compared temperature preference (Tpref) of the species to non-native Brook Trout, Brown Trout, and Rainbow Trout. Intermittent-flow respirometry experiments demonstrated that metabolic performance of Westslope Cutthroat Trout was optimal at ~15 °C and decreased substantially beyond this temperature, until lethal temperatures at ~25 °C. Adjusted preferred temperatures across species (Tpref) were comparatively high, ranging from 17.8-19.9 °C, with the highest Tpref observed for Westslope Cutthroat Trout. Results suggest that although Westslope Cutthroat Trout is considered a cold-water species, they do not prefer or perform as well in cold water (≤ 10°C), thus, can occupy a warmer thermal niche than previously thought. The metabolic performance curve (AS) can be used to develop species‐specific thermal criteria to delineate important thermal habitats and guide conservation and recovery actions for Westslope Cutthroat Trout.

The Small Mammal Community of a Chilean Temperate Rain Forest: Lack of Evidence of Competition between Dominant Species

1987 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Murua ◽  
P. L. Meserve ◽  
L. A. Gonzalez ◽  
C. Jofre
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest ◽  
Small Mammal Community ◽  
Mammal Community

scholarly journals Hybridization of Snake River Cutthroat in the Lower Gros Ventre River

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Ryan Kovach ◽  
Lisa Eby
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Snake River ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarki ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Water Diversions ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Special Concern

The cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki is Wyoming's only native trout. The Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) is designated as a "species of special concern" by a number of agencies and conservation groups. Although the Yellowstone cutthroat trout has recently avoided federal listing because of robust headwater populations (USFWS 2006), they face continued threats across their range. The fine-spotted Snake River native trout is a morphologically divergent ecotype of the Yellowstone subspecies, although it is not genetically distinguishable (Allendorf and Leary 1988, Novak et al. 2005). The Gros Ventre, an important tributary of the Snake River located partially in Grand Teton National Park, historically supported robust populations of fine­ spotted Snake River cutthroat trout. Principal threats to Gros Ventre native trout, especially in the lower end of the drainage within the park boundaries, include both water diversions (loss of water and fish into irrigation ditches) and presence of exotic species.

Historical demography and genetic structure of sister species: deermice (Peromyscus) in the North American temperate rain forest

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Zheng ◽  
Brian S. Arbogast ◽  
G. J. Kenagy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
North American ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Historical Demography ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest

Differential Tree Colonization of Old Fields in a Temperate Rain Forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENNIS A. RIEGE ◽  
ROGER DEL MORAL
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
Temperate Rain Forest

Morphological and genetic concordance of cutthroat trout diversification from western North America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest R Keeley ◽  
Janet L Loxterman ◽  
Sammy L Matsaw ◽  
Zacharia M Njoroge ◽  
Meredith B Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Mtdna Sequence

The cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1836), is one of the most widely distributed species of freshwater fish in western North America. Occupying a diverse range of habitats, they exhibit significant phenotypic variability that is often recognized by intraspecific taxonomy. Recent molecular phylogenies have described phylogenetic diversification across cutthroat trout populations, but no study has provided a range-wide morphological comparison of taxonomic divisions. In this study, we used linear and geometric-based morphometrics to determine if phylogenetic and subspecies divisions correspond to morphological variation in cutthroat trout, using replicate populations from throughout the geographic range of the species. Our data indicate significant morphological divergence of intraspecific categories in some, but not all, cutthroat trout subspecies. We also compare morphological distance measures with distance measures of mtDNA sequence divergence. DNA sequence divergence was positively correlated with morphological distance measures, indicating that morphologically more similar subspecies have lower sequence divergence in comparison to morphologically distant subspecies. Given these results, integrating both approaches to describing intraspecific variation may be necessary for developing a comprehensive conservation plan in wide-ranging species.

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