Pricetrema phocae and Pricetrema eumetopii spp.n. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from pinnipeds in the North Pacific

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-385
Author(s):  
Larry M. Shults
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Harbor Seal ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Steller Sea Lion ◽  
Eumetopias Jubatus ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
The North ◽  
Phoca Vitulina Richardsi ◽  
The North Pacific

Pricetrema phocae and Pricetrema eumetopii spp.n. are described from the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardsi (Gray), and Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber), respectively.

scholarly journals The oldest record of the Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776) from the early Pleistocene of the North Pacific

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9709
Author(s):  
Nahoko Tsuzuku ◽  
Naoki Kohno
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Steller Sea Lion ◽  
Eumetopias Jubatus ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
The North ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
The North Pacific

The extant genera of fur seals and sea lions of the family Otariidae (Carnivora: Pinnipedia) are thought to have emerged in the Pliocene or the early Pleistocene in the North Pacific. Among them, the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) is the largest and distributed both in the western and eastern North Pacific. In contrast to the limited distribution of the current population around the Japanese Islands that is now only along the coast of Hokkaido, their fossil records have been known from the middle and late Pleistocene of Honshu Island. One such important fossil specimen has been recorded from the upper lower Pleistocene Omma Formation (ca. 1.36–0.83 Ma) in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, which now bears the institutional number GKZ-N 00001. Because GKZ-N 00001 is the earliest fossil having been identified as a species of the sea lion genus Eumetopias, it is of importance to elucidate the evolutionary history of that genus. The morphometric comparisons were made among 51 mandibles of fur seals and sea lions with GKZ-N 00001. As results of bivariate analyses and PCA based on 39 measurements for external morphologies with internal structures by CT scan data, there is almost no difference between GKZ-N 00001 and extant male individuals of E. jubatus. In this regard, GKZ-N 00001 is identified specifically as the Steller sea lion E. jubatus. Consequently, it is recognized as the oldest Steller sea lion in the North Pacific. About 0.8 Ma, the distribution of the Steller sea lion had been already established at least in the Japan Sea side of the western North Pacific.

Revision of the genus Anophryocephalus Baylis, 1922 from pinnipeds in the Holarctic, with descriptions of Anophryocephalus nunivakensis sp.nov. and A. eumetopii sp.nov. (Tetrabothriidae) and evaluation of records from the Phocidae

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1653-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Hoberg ◽  
Ann M. Adams ◽  
Robert L. Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Basin ◽  
Genital Papilla ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Eumetopias Jubatus ◽  
The North ◽  
Phoca Largha ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Basin

Anophryocephalus Baylis, 1922 is emended to include tetrabothriid cestodes with intricate scolices (paired auricular appendages and bothridial operculae), complex genital atria (muscular chamber ventral to the vagina; muscular pad adjacent to the aperture of the male canal), and atrophy of the dorsal osmoregulatory system. Anophryocephalus anophrys (type), A. skrjabini, and A. ochotensis are redescribed. Anophryocephalus nunivakensis sp.nov., from Phoca largha, has bothridial operculae with broad anterior apertures, an ovoid cirrus sac (57–95 μm in diameter), a ventrolaterally directed male canal (26–44 μm long in mature segments), and 26–56 testes. Anophryocephalus eumetopii sp.nov., from Eumetopias jubatus, has bothridial operculae with narrow, slitlike, diagonally directed apertures, a spheroidal cirrus sac (51–72 μm in diameter), a prominent genital papilla and ventrolaterally directed male canal (36–51 μm long in mature segments), and 32–66 testes. Postlarval ontogeny of the scolex among some species of Anophryocephalus appears similar to that known for Tetrabothrius spp., suggesting uniformity in morphogenesis of the holdfast among the Tetrabothriidae. Anophryocephalus spp. are typical parasites of pinnipeds in the Holarctic, and contrary to previous reports, A. skrjabini and A. ochotensis are exclusively parasites of Phoca spp. and Eumetopias jubatus, respectively, at high latitudes in the North Pacific basin and Bering Sea.

Availability to Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) of a seasonal prey resource: a prespawning aggregation of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1475-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Sigler ◽  
Jamie N Womble ◽  
Johanna J Vollenweider
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Eumetopias Jubatus ◽  
Steller Sea Lions ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Spawning Run ◽  
The North Pacific

The availability of seasonally abundant energy-rich prey can be a significant factor for the survival and reproductive success of predator populations. Large numbers of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) were attracted to a prespawning aggregation of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in Berners Bay in southeast Alaska during April–May in 2002 and 2003. Sea lion abundance increased as eulachon gathered in Berners Bay, peaked as eulachon abundance peaked, and decreased as the eulachon moved up-river. As sea lion abundance increased in Berners Bay, sea lion abundance decreased at Benjamin Island, a sea lion haulout located 22 km away. The eulachon provided an abundant, energy-rich, predictable prey source for the Steller sea lions: (i) eulachon energy density was 9.70 ± 0.24 kJ·g–1, much higher than that of any forage species reported in the North Pacific Ocean except northern lampfish (Stenobrachius leucopsarus); (ii) a large surplus of prey was available per sea lion while the eulachon aggregation was present; and (iii) the spawning run usually begins between late April and early May. The eulachon pulse may be critical to Steller sea lions during a period of high energetic demands.

scholarly journals Glacial refugia and the phylogeography of Steller's sea lion (Eumatopias jubatus) in the North Pacific

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HARLIN-COGNATO ◽  
J. W. BICKHAM ◽  
T. R. LOUGHLIN ◽  
R. L. HONEYCUTT
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific
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