Association between amylose content and a microsatellite marker across exotic rice germplasm

Abstract. Markus JER, Ndiwa ASS, Oematan SS, Mau YS. 2021. Variations of grain physical properties, amylose and anthocyanin of upland red rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1345-1354. Red rice is becoming more popular nowadays due to the increasing awareness of rice consumers on its health benefits. The demands for red rice are increasing but the supply is limited, thus, local red rice cultivars can be used to fill this gap. Optimal use of local rice germplasm requires a comprehensive evaluation of their traits, and the genotypes having the most desirable traits can be selected for direct use. Several upland red rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara Province have been evaluated for various traits while their grain properties are still unrevealed. Information on grain properties is important, both for consumer preference and rice breeders. This study aimed to elucidate the grain physical properties, amylose, and anthocyanin of upland red rice germplasm from ENT Province, and to identify genotypes with the most desirable characters for further employment. Eighteen rice genotypes were used in this study. They were cultivated in the field, and the harvested grains were analyzed in the laboratory. Both ANOVA and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Substantial variations were observed on all variables, except the chalky grain percentage. The kernel length of tested genotypes was classified as long, medium, and short while the kernel shapes were slender, medium, and bold. Most tested genotypes had high head rice percentage and low to medium percentages of large and small broken kernels. Chalky grain was almost absent. Amylose content ranged from 1.0% to 28% while anthocyanin was about 1.0 - 20 mg/100 g. The evaluated genotypes were clustered into three main groups. Percentages of large and small broken kernels, and amylose content were mostly responsible for the observed variations among the rice genotypes. The red rice genotypes were diverse in the studied characters, thus, those with desirable grain characters are useful for further development and utilization.

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Polymorphism in the GBSS gene affects amylose content in US and European rice germplasm

Journal of Cereal Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcs.2010.07.010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 450-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Macaire Dobo ◽

Nicolas Ayres ◽

Grace Walker ◽

Williams D. Park

Keyword(s):

Amylose Content ◽

Rice Germplasm

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Genetic Divergence of Balam Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Rice Journal ◽

10.3329/brj.v19i1.25214 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

MS Ahmed ◽

S Parveen ◽

MK Bashar ◽

AKM Shamsuddin

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cooking Time ◽

Canonical Variate ◽

Straw Yield ◽

Rice Germplasm ◽

Days To Maturity

Forty genotypes of Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh were studied for 17 morpho-physicochemical characters at BRRI during 2009-11. The cluster analysis using Mahalanobis D2 statistics, grouped the genotypes into seven clusters, where no duplicate germplasm was found for the studied characters. The highest number of genotypes (8) was constellated into clusters I, III and V and the lowest (2) was in cluster IV. The intra- and inter-cluster distances were maximum (1.17 and 21.16) in cluster VII and between clusters II and IV and minimum (0.27 and 2.23) in cluster IV and between clusters II and VII respectively. Based on the values of principal component score, the two-dimensional scatter diagram (Z1-Z2) also distributed the genotypes into seven groups. The genotype of cluster IV, produced the highest flag and penultimate leaf area (1136 cm2), culm diameter (7.2 mm), days to maturity (152 days), primary and secondary branches per panicle (63), grain yield per panicle (4.9 g), 1000-grain weight (29.3 g), grain yield per hill (31.3 g), cooking time (19 min) and amylose content (24.1%). Similarly, the genotype of cluster I, produced the tallest plant (148 cm), maximum straw yield per hill (40.0 g) and protein content (9.6%), while the genotype of cluster VI, produced the highest panicle per plant (21) and the genotype of cluster III, produced the longest grain (8.8 mm). Therefore, it may be possible to obtain the highest mean values for the maximum studied characters, if the genotypes of cluster IV are crossed with the genotypes of cluster I, cluster III and cluster VI respectively. Besides, the canonical variate analysis showed that the grain length, cooking time, straw yield per hill, days to maturity, plant height and grain yield per panicle contributed maximum to the genetic divergence of the studied germplasms. Finally, the study revealed that the Balam rice germplasm can offer a diverse valuable gene reservoir to utilize in hybridization programmes for the improvement of Balam rice.Bangladesh Rice j. 2015, 19(1): 9-15

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UTILIZATION OF DNA MARKERS FOR EVALUATING AMYLOSE CONTENT OF GRAIN IN RICE

HUE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT ◽

10.26459/jard.v83i5.3081 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Dương Thanh Thủy ◽

Taiichiro Ookawa

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Waxy Gene ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Branching Enzymes ◽

Wx Gene ◽

High Amylose ◽

Suitable Marker ◽

Granule Bound Starch Synthase

The sensory and functional properties of rice are predominantly associated with its amylose content. Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) encoded by the Waxy (Wx) gene determines the synthesis of amylose, while starch branching enzymes encoded by Sbe genes are involved in the formation of amylopectin. Some studies have demonstrated that Wx gene is the major controller of amylose content but there are one or more modifying genes affecting the amylose content. Three markers, microsatellite, Single – nucleotide – polymorphism (G/T SNP) in Wx gene and Single – nucleotide – polymorphism (T/C SNP) in Sbe1 gene, were tested for their association with amylose content using sixty-nine rice accessions from twenty countries. Of the three markers, two markers in Wx gene are significantly associated with amylose content. The combination of two markers in Wx gene (haplotypes) explained 83.8% of the variation in amylose content and discriminated the three market classes of glutinous, low, intermediate and high amylose content of rice from each other. And T/C SNP in Sbe1 locus was not a suitable marker for amylose content. Keywords: marker, amylose content, Waxy gene.

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