Lexical Color Categories

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 605-631
Author(s):  
Delwin T. Lindsey ◽  
Angela M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Color Perception ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Color Categories ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Basic Color Terms

Color is a continuous variable, and humans can distinguish more than a million colors, yet world color lexicons contain no more than a dozen basic color terms. It has been understood for 160 years that the number of color terms in a lexicon varies greatly across languages, yet the lexical color categories defined by these terms are similar worldwide. Starting with the seminal study by Berlin and Kay, this review considers how and why this is so. Evidence from psychological, linguistic, and computational studies has advanced our understanding of how color categories came into being, how they contribute to our shared understanding of color, and how the resultant categories influence color perception and cognition. A key insight from the last 50 years of research is how human perception and the need for communication within a society worked together to create color lexicons that are somewhat diverse, yet show striking regularities worldwide.

scholarly journals Delving Deeper Into Color Space

i-Perception ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 204166951879206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmina Jraissati ◽  
Igor Douven
Keyword(s):  
Color Space ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Color Categories ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Basic Color Terms

So far, color-naming studies have relied on a rather limited set of color stimuli. Most importantly, stimuli have been largely limited to highly saturated colors. Because of this, little is known about how people categorize less saturated colors and, more generally, about the structure of color categories as they extend across all dimensions of color space. This article presents the results from a large Internet-based color-naming study that involved color stimuli ranging across all available chroma levels in Munsell space. These results help answer such questions as how English speakers name a more complex color set, whether English speakers use so-called basic color terms (BCTs) more frequently for more saturated colors, how they use non-BCTs in comparison with BCTs, whether non-BCTs are highly consensual in less saturated parts of the solid, how deep inside color space basic color categories extend, or how they behave on the chroma dimension.

Color, Color Terms, Categorization, Cognition, Culture: An Afterword

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Author(s):  
Don Dedrick
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Color Categories ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Basic Color Terms

AbstractRecent work on color naming challenges the idea that there are shared perceptually salient colors or color categories that are "hardwired" into homo sapiens and provide the basis for one of the most famous cross-cultural claims of all time, Brent Berlin and Paul Kay's claim that there is a small number of "basic" color terms (eleven), and that some subset of these terms is present in every human language (Berlin & Kay, 1969; see Kay and Maffi, 1999; Kay and Reiger, 2003; and Kay 2005 for updates).

scholarly journals “Red-Green” or “Brown-Green” Dichromats? The Accuracy of Dichromat Basic Color Terms Metacognition Supports Denomination Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Moreira ◽  
Julio Lillo ◽  
Leticia Álvaro
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Color Categories ◽  
Verbal Tasks ◽  
Pointing Task ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Individual Differences Scaling ◽  
Basic Color Terms

Two experiments compared “Red-Green” (R-G) dichromats’ empirical and metacognized capacities to discriminate basic color categories (BCCs) and to use the corresponding basic color terms (BCTs). A first experiment used a 102-related-colors set for a pointing task to identify all the stimuli that could be named with each BCT by each R-G dichromat type (8 protanopes and 9 deuteranopes). In a second experiment, a group of R-G dichromats (15 protanopes and 16 deuteranopes) estimated their difficulty discriminating BCCs-BCTs in a verbal task. The strong coincidences between the results derived from the pointing and the verbal tasks indicated that R-G dichromats have very accurate metacognition about their capacities (they only had considerable difficulty discriminating 13 out of the total of 55 possible BCT pairs) and limitations (Brown-Green and Blue-Purple pairs were rated especially difficult to differentiate) in the use of BCTs. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) solutions derived from both tasks were very similar: BCTs in R-G dichromats were properly represented in 2D MDS solutions that clearly show one chromatic dimension and one achromatic dimension. Important concordances were found between protanopes and deuteranopes. None of these dichromats showed substantial difficulty discriminating the Red-Green pair. So, to name them “R-G” dichromats is misleading considering their empirical capacities and their metacognition. Further reasons to propose the use of the alternative denomination “Brown-Green” dichromats are also discussed. We found some relevant differences between the “Brown-Green” dichromats’ empirical and self-reported difficulties using BCTs. Their metacognition can be considered a “caricature” of their practical difficulties. This caricature omits some difficulties including their problems differentiating “white” and “black” from other BCTs, while they overestimate their limitations in differentiating the most difficult pairs (Brown-Green and Blue-Purple). Individual differences scaling (INDSCAL) analyses indicated that the metacognition regarding the use of BCTs in “Brown-Green” dichromats, especially deuteranopes, is driven slightly more by the chromatic dimension and driven slightly less by the achromatic dimension, than their practical use of BCTs. We discuss the relevance of our results in the framework of the debate between the linguistic relativity hypothesis (LRH) and the universal evolution (UE) theories.

scholarly journals The basic color terms of Russian

Linguistics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN DAVIES ◽  
GREVILLE CORBETT
Keyword(s):  
Color Terms ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Basic Color Terms

scholarly journals Color Linguistics: Khanty riddles

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00005
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Andreeva ◽  
Olga Khudobina ◽  
Tatyana Moldanova ◽  
Nataliya Miryugina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Language Functioning ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Basic Color Terms

From the point of view of physics and physiology, the perception of color should be the same by all people, but the process and associations connected with it have historical and cultural determinants in different nations. The conceptual apparatus of color linguistics is studied in different scientific studies and from different points of view. The material of this study comprises riddles extracted from Khanty folklore by the method of continuous sampling, as well as scientific literature on the descriptionof color words. A common way of creating riddle metaphors is color matching. Therefore, exploring color words in the Khanty riddles allows us to reveal the cognitive, pragmatic and cultural factors of language functioning. The present research highlights the role of color terms in the formation of linguistic worldview, as well as conceptualizes and defines the place of the color vocabulary in the cognitive process. Key words: Khanty riddles, basic color terms, color words.

scholarly journals Basic Color Terms in the Kazakh Language

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824401771482
Author(s):  
Saule Abdramanova
Keyword(s):  
Color Terms ◽  
Basic Color ◽  
Basic Color Terms
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document