Interaction of dopamine and haloperidol with O2 and CO2 chemoreception in carotid body

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lahiri ◽  
T. Nishino ◽  
A. Mokashi ◽  
E. Mulligan

Effects of dopamine and of a dopaminergic blocker, haloperidol, on the responses of carotid body chemoreceptors to hypoxia and hypercapnia were investigated in 16 anesthetized cats. Intravenous infusion of dopamine (10-20 micrograms.min-1) decreased carotid body chemoreceptor responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia. The effect was greater at higher levels of arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension (PaO2 and PaCO2) stimulus. Thus, the magnitude of the dopamine effect depended on the degree of both PO2- and PCO2-mediated excitation of the receptors. Haloperidol potentiated responses to both hypoxia and hypercapnia but apparently did not stimulate the receptors in the absence of these stimuli. Potentiation by haloperidol and inhibition by dopamine of excitatory effects due to PaO2 decrease and PaCO2 increase are complementary. The data suggest that chemoreception of dopamine, O2, and CO2 converge at some site in the carotid body. Persistence of hypoxic and hypercapnic responses, following dopamine-blocking doses of haloperidol, does not support the theory that regulation of dopamine release is responsible for O2 and CO2 chemoreception in carotid body of the cat.

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Taek Nam ◽  
Sook Yeoung Lee ◽  
Jin Su Kim ◽  
Chae Hong Chung ◽  
Young Sun Seo

Cardiology ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Helmers ◽  
S. Hofvendahl ◽  
T. Lundman ◽  
L. Mogensen ◽  
O. Nyquist ◽  
...  

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lahiri ◽  
E. Mulligan ◽  
T. Nishino ◽  
A. Mokashi

Responses of aortic chemoreceptor afferents to a range of arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2) changes at various levels of arterial oxygen tension (Pao2) were investigated in 18 cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose and maintained at 38 degrees C. Aortic chemoreceptor activity, end-tidal oxygen pressure, end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure, and arterial blood pressure were continuously monitored. Arterial blood gases were measured in steady states. Single or a few clearly identifiable afferents were studied during changes and steady states of Pao2 and Paco2. All the aortic chemoreceptor afferent discharge rates increased with Paco2 increases from hypercapnia (10–15 Torr) to normocapnia and moderate hypercapnia (30–50 Torr) and with Pao2 decreases from above 400 to 30 Torr. Hypoxia augmented the response to Paco2 most effectively in the range of 10–40 Torr. At any Pao2, the discharge rate reached a plateau with sufficient intensity of hypercapnia. The Paco2 stimulus threshold at a Pao2 of 440 Torr was about 15 Torr, and at a Pao2 of 60 Torr it was 10 Torr. In the transition from hypocapnia to hypercapnia, responses increased gradually, usually without an overshoot. The steady-state responses to Paco2 of the majority of aortic chemoreceptors resembled those of carotid chemoreceptors. The responses of both receptors can be attributed to the same basic type of mechanism.


1988 ◽  
Vol 401 (1) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E Burger ◽  
J A Estavillo ◽  
P Kumar ◽  
P C Nye ◽  
D J Paterson

Perfusion ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Schlünzen ◽  
Jens Pedersen ◽  
Kirsten Hjortholm ◽  
Ole K Hansen ◽  
Emmy Ditlevsen

The effect of modified ultrafiltration (MUF) after cardiopulmonary bypass for paediatric cardiac surgery was evaluated in 138 children with moderate to severe congenital heart disease. The median age was 0.4 years (0 days to 6.5 years), and the weight 5.3 kg (2.2-20 kg). The operation was discontinued in six cases, three because of technical problems and three because of unstable circulation. One-hundred-and-thirty-four patients were ultrafiltrated for a median of 12 min (2-27 min) with an ultrafiltrate of median 44 ml/kg (6-118 ml/kg). Haematocrit was significantly increased from 28% (20-39%) to 36% (26-51%) and systolic arterial pressure from 56 mmHg (30-85 mmHg) to 74.0 mmHg (32-118 mmHg). Furthermore arterial oxygenation was significantly increased from 30.8 kPa (4.8-70.4 kPa) to 34.1 kPa (4.9-80.6 kPa), and arterial carbon dioxide tension from 4.8 kPa (3.1-7.3 kPa) to 5.1 kPa (3.1-7.6 kPa). Heart rate was significantly reduced from 145 beats/min (92-201 beats/min) to 136 beats/min (88-200 beats/min). There were no significant differences in central venous pressure, left atrial pressure and base excess before and after MUF. MUF increases systolic blood pressure, haematocrit, arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension coming off bypass in paediatric cardiac surgery and reduces heart rate and postoperative fluid overload.


1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lahiri ◽  
T. Nishino ◽  
A. Mokashi ◽  
E. Mulligan

Responses to acute arterial blood pressure changes of a single or a few chemoreceptor afferents from the aortic body and carotid body at constant arterial blood gases and pH were measured in 16 adult cats. During normocapnic normoxia and moderate hypoxia (arterial oxygen tension of 60 Torr) an induced hypotension of 80 Torr increased strikingly the discharge rate of all aortic chemoreceptors but not of most carotid chemoreceptors; hypotension down to the level of 50 Torr stimulated most carotid chemoreceptors only slightly. Hyperoxia eliminated the stimulatory effect of this degree of hypotension on carotid chemoreceptors; it did not affect aortic chemoreceptors to the same extent. Hypoxia augmented the effect on aortic chemoreceptors more than the effect on carotid chemoreceptors. Thus the effect of hypotension was dependent on arterial oxygen tension. The greater effect of hypotension on aortic body chemoreceptor activity indicates a greater normal circulatory constraint for the aortic body. Accordingly, aortic chemoreceptors are more suited to monitor circulatory changes in O2 flow, and carotid chemoreceptors are more suited to monitor arterial gas pressure changes due to respiration.


CHEST Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 1291-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Senn ◽  
Christian F. Clarenbach ◽  
Vladimir Kaplan ◽  
Marco Maggiorini ◽  
Konrad E. Bloch

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