Restrained whole body plethysmography for measure of strain-specific and allergen-induced airway responsiveness in conscious mice

The mouse is the most extensively studied animal species in respiratory research, yet the technologies available to assess airway function in conscious mice are not universally accepted. We hypothesized that whole body plethysmography employing noninvasive restraint (RWBP) could be used to quantify specific airway resistance (sRaw-RWBP) and airway responsiveness in conscious mice. Methacholine responses were compared using sRaw-RWBP vs. airway resistance by the forced oscillation technique (Raw-FOT) in groups of C57, A/J, and BALB/c mice. sRaw-RWBP was also compared with sRaw derived from double chamber plethysmography (sRaw-DCP) in BALB/c. Finally, airway responsiveness following allergen challenge in BALB/c was measured using RWBP. sRaw-RWBP in C57, A/J, and BALB/c mice was 0.51 ± 0.03, 0.68 ± 0.03, and 0.63 ± 0.05 cm/s, respectively. sRaw derived from Raw-FOT and functional residual capacity (Raw*functional residual capacity) was 0.095 cm/s, approximately one-fifth of sRaw-RWBP in C57 mice. The intra- and interanimal coefficients of variations were similar between sRaw-RWBP (6.8 and 20.1%) and Raw-FOT (3.4 and 20.1%, respectively). The order of airway responsiveness employing sRaw-RWBP was AJ > BALBc > C57 and for Raw-FOT was AJ > BALB/c = C57. There was no difference between the airway responsiveness assessed by RWBP vs. DCP; however, baseline sRaw-RWBP was significantly lower than sRaw-DCP. Allergen challenge caused a progressive decrease in the provocative concentration of methacholine that increased sRaw to 175% postsaline values based on sRaw-RWBP. In conclusion, the technique of RWBP was rapid, reproducible, and easy to perform. Airway responsiveness measured using RWBP, DCP, and FOT was equivalent. Allergen responses could be followed longitudinally, which may provide greater insight into the pathogenesis of chronic airway disease.

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Emotions and airway resistance in asthma: Study with whole body plethysmography

Psychophysiology ◽

10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00263.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 92-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Andreas von Leupoldt ◽

Bernhard Dahme

Keyword(s):

Airway Resistance ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Plethysmography ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

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Non-invasive assessment of airway responsiveness in healthy and allergen-sensitised cats by use of barometric whole body plethysmography

The Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.10.007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 173 (2) ◽

pp. 343-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Nathalie Kirschvink ◽

Jérôme Leemans ◽

François Delvaux ◽

Frédéric Snaps ◽

Cécile Clercx ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Responsiveness ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Plethysmography ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

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Commentary on “Restrained whole body plethysmography for measure of strain-specific and allergen-induced airway responsiveness in conscious mice”

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00134.2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 102 (6) ◽

pp. 2411-2411 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anurag Agrawal ◽

Arjun Ram

Keyword(s):

Airway Responsiveness ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Plethysmography ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

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Whole-body plethysmography revisited

10.1101/2021.02.24.432470 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Swen Hülsmann ◽

Amara Khan ◽

Liya Hagos ◽

Martin Hindermann ◽

Torsten Nägel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Resistance ◽

Pressure Profile ◽

Lung Model ◽

Whole Body ◽

Chamber Pressure ◽

Body Plethysmography ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Pressure Peak ◽

Temporal Pressure ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

AbstractWhole-body plethysmography (WBP) is an established method to determine physiological parameters and pathophysiological alteration of breathing in animals and animal models of a variety of diseases, reaching from pulmonary diseases to complex neurological syndromes. Although frequently used, there is ongoing debate about what exactly is measured by whole-body-plethysmography and how reliable the data derived from this method are? Here, we designed a simple device that can serve as an artificial lung model that enables a thorough evaluation of different predictions about and around whole-body plethysmography. Using our lung model, we confirmed that during WBP two components contribute to the pressure changes detected in the chamber: 1) the increase of the pressure due to heating and moistening of the air, termed as conditioning, during inspiration; 2) changes of chamber pressure that depend on airway resistance. Both components overlap and contribute to the temporal pressure-profile measured in the chamber or across the wall of the chamber. Our data showed that a precise measurement of the breathing volume appears to be hindered by at least two factors: 1) the unknown relative contribution of each of these components; 2) not only the air in the inspired volume is conditioned during inspiration, but also air within the residual volume and death space that is recruited during inspiration. Moreover, our data suggest that the expiratory negative pressure peak that is used to determine the so called “enhanced pause” (Penh) parameter is not a measure for airway resistance as such but rather a consequence of the animal’s response to the airway resistance, using active expiration to overcome the resistance by a higher thoracic pressure.

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Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate Aerosol Challenge Does Not Provoke Airflow Limitation in Healthy Cats

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb200675030329 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 329-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Vondráková ◽

R. Van Den Hoven ◽

R. A. Hirt

Keyword(s):

Acute Bronchitis ◽

Airway Disease ◽

Airway Responsiveness ◽

Airflow Limitation ◽

Whole Body ◽

Lower Airway ◽

Response Curves ◽

Chamber Volume ◽

Agonist Concentration ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of nebulized adenosine 5'- monophosphate on airflow limitation in healthy cats determined by barometric whole body plethysmography (BWBP), in comparison to the effects of carbachol. Ten healthy 4- to 6-year-old domestic shorthair cats were included in the study. Each cat was placed in a BWBP plexiglass chamber (volume 38 l). Changes in box pressure were measured at baseline and after nebulization of vehicle and increasing concentrations of carbachol and adenosine 5'- monophosphate. Airway responsiveness was monitored as increases in enhanced pause (PENH), a unitless variable derived from dose-response curves estimating airflow limitation. The chosen endpoint was the agonist concentration which increased PENH to 300% of the value obtained after saline nebulization (PCPENH 300). Inter-day repeatability of measurements was assessed by repeated bronchoprovocations with both agonists 2-3 days apart. For carbachol, PCPENH300 was reached in all cats and correlated significantly between days (mean ± SD; 0.54 ± 0.42 mg/ml and 0.64 ± 0.45 mg/ml respectively; r = 0.58, p < 0.05) In contrast, we found no reaction to adenosine 5'- monophosphate even with the highest concentration nebulized during both measurements. At baseline, mean ± SD PENH was 0.47 ± 0.18 and 0.58 ± 0.24 (measurements 1 and 2), whereas PENH after 500 mg/ml adenosine 5'- monophosphate was 0.46 ± 0.20 and 0.71 ± 0.37. All bronchoprovocation tests were well tolerated by the cats. We conclude that healthy airways in cats do not demonstrate airway responsiveness to inhaled adenosine 5'- monophosphate. This is in agreement with observations in humans as well as our previous findings in dogs, where adenosine 5'- monophosphate had no effect on healthy canine airways, but caused significant airflow limitation after induction of acute bronchitis. To define the value of bronchoprovocation testing with adenosine 5'- monophosphate in the feline respiratory tract, further investigation of this agonist in cats with spontaneous lower airway disease will be required.

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Evaluation of a mechanical lung model to test small animal whole body plethysmography

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96355-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Swen Hülsmann ◽

Amara Khan ◽

Liya Hagos ◽

Martin Hindermann ◽

Torsten Nägel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Resistance ◽

Small Animal ◽

Pressure Profile ◽

Lung Model ◽

Whole Body ◽

Chamber Pressure ◽

Body Plethysmography ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Pressure Peak ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

AbstractWhole-body plethysmography (WBP) is an established method to determine physiological parameters and pathophysiological alteration of breathing in animals and animal models of a variety of diseases. Although frequently used, there is ongoing debate about what exactly is measured by whole-body-plethysmography and how reliable the data derived from this method are. Here, we designed an artificial lung model that enables a thorough evaluation of different predictions about and around whole-body plethysmography. Using our lung model, we confirmed that during WBP two components contribute to the pressure changes detected in the chamber: (1) the increase in the pressure due to heating and moistening of the air during inspiration, termed conditioning; (2) changes in the chamber pressure that depend on airway resistance. Both components overlap and contribute to the temporal pressure-profile measured in the chamber or across the wall of the chamber, respectively. Our data showed that a precise measurement of the breathing volume appears to be hindered by at least two factors: (1) the unknown relative contribution of each of these two components; (2) not only the air in the inspired volume is conditioned during inspiration, but also air within the residual volume and dead space that is recruited during inspiration. Moreover, our data suggest that the expiratory negative pressure peak that is used to determine the enhanced pause (Penh) parameter is not a measure for airway resistance as such but rather a consequence of the animal’s response to the airway resistance, using forced or active expiration to overcome the resistance by a higher thoracic pressure.

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Measurement of respiratory function by whole body plethysmography in unanesthetized and unrestrained monkeys

Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods ◽

10.1016/j.vascn.2008.05.112 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 173

Author(s):

Kazuaki Sasaki ◽

Y. Nakamura ◽

H. Iizuka ◽

M. Imaizumi ◽

H. Atai

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Function ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Plethysmography ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

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Ventilatory behavior after hypoxia in C57BL/6J and A/J mice

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.2001.91.5.1962 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (5) ◽

pp. 1962-1970 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Fang Han ◽

Shyam Subramanian ◽

Thomas E. Dick ◽

Ismail A. Dreshaj ◽

Kingman P. Strohl

Keyword(s):

Airway Resistance ◽

Minute Ventilation ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Strain Differences ◽

Whole Body ◽

Environmental Forcing ◽

Ventilatory Responses ◽

Term Potentiation ◽

Genetic Mechanisms ◽

Whole Body Plethysmography

Given the environmental forcing by extremes in hypoxia-reoxygenation, there might be no genetic effect on posthypoxic short-term potentiation of ventilation. Minute ventilation (V˙e), respiratory frequency (f), tidal volume (Vt), and the airway resistance during chemical loading were assessed in unanesthetized unrestrained C57BL/6J (B6) and A/J mice using whole body plethysmography. Static pressure-volume curves were also performed. In 12 males for each strain, after 5 min of 8% O2 exposure, B6 mice had a prominent decrease inV˙e on reoxygenation with either air (−11%) or 100% O2 (−20%), due to the decline of f. In contrast, A/J animals had no ventilatory undershoot or f decline. After 5 min of 3% CO2-10% O2 exposure, B6 exhibited significant decrease in V˙e (−28.4 vs. −38.7%, air vs. 100% O2) and f (−13.8 vs. −22.3%, air vs. 100% O2) during reoxygenation with both air and 100% O2; however, A/J mice showed significant increase inV˙e (+116%) and f (+62.2%) during air reoxygenation and significant increase in V˙e (+68.2%) during 100% O2 reoxygenation. There were no strain differences in dynamic airway resistance during gas challenges or in steady-state total respiratory compliance measured postmortem. Strain differences in ventilatory responses to reoxygenation indicate that genetic mechanisms strongly influence posthypoxic ventilatory behavior.

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