Long-term adaptive changes in primate vestibuloocular reflex. II. Electrophysiological observations on semicircular canal primary afferents.

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1426-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
F A Miles ◽  
D J Braitman
Keyword(s):  
Semicircular Canal ◽  
Primary Afferents ◽  
Vestibuloocular Reflex ◽  
Adaptive Changes

scholarly journals DEFICITS OF CALF MUSCLES STRENGTH AND RATE OF FORCE DEVELOPMENT AFTER ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Vaida Aleknavičiūtė - Ablonskė ◽  
Agnė Savenkovienė ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Adaptive Changes ◽  
Motor Strategy ◽  
Neural Factors ◽  
Muscle Changes

<p>The Achilles tendon is the thickest and the strongest tendon in the human body. Many studies, investigating biomechanical properties of plantar flexors muscle-tendon unit after ATR surgery, reported an incomplete calf muscle contractile functional recovery. However, these studies only investigated the plantar flexors muscle function failing to provide information about the adaptive changes in motor strategy. In fact, the development of adaptive changes in motor strategies, due to both mechanical and neural factors, may result in pathological musculoskeletal conditions over the long term. Understanding physiological calf muscle changes due to long-term immobilization may help prevent Achilles tendon re-rupture cases.</p>

Theta-burst stimulation of primary afferents drives long-term potentiation in the spinal cord and persistent pain via α2δ-1–bound NMDA receptors

2021 ◽  
pp. JN-RM-1968-21
Author(s):  
Yuying Huang (黄玉莹) ◽  
Shao-Rui Chen (陈少瑞) ◽  
Hong Chen (陈红) ◽  
Jing-Jing Zhou (周京京) ◽  
Daozhong Jin (金道忠) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Primary Afferents ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Theta Burst ◽  
Stimulation Of

Model for the Translational Vestibuloocular Reflex (VOR)

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 2010-2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam S. Musallam ◽  
R. D. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Translational Motion ◽  
Primary Afferents ◽  
Vestibuloocular Reflex ◽  
Neural Integrator ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Velocity Signal ◽  
Afferent Signal ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Position Signal ◽  
Oculomotor Nuclei

The function of the translational vestibuloocular reflex (tVOR) and the angular vestibuloocular reflex (aVOR) is to stabilize images on the retina during translational and rotational motion, respectively. It has generally been assumed that these two reflexes differ in their central processing because they differ significantly in their primary afferent behavior and characteristics at the motor level. So far, models of the tVOR have focused on the type of processing that the primary afferent signal must undergo before reaching the neural integrator. Here, we propose a model that does not require any prefiltering. It is known that the eye plant requires signals in phase with velocity and position. We propose that the velocity signal is obtained directly from the neural integrator, whereas the position signal is obtained directly from the primary afferents synapsing onto the oculomotor nuclei. This design proved sufficient to simulate eye movements in response to translational motion.

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