Six Years Follow-up of the Levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1

In an earlier study, levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-αand IL-6 are higher in blisters fluid from the complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) side obtained at 6 and 30 months (median) after the initial event. The aim of this follow-up study is to determine the involvement of these cytokines in long lasting CRPS1. Twelve CRPS1 patients, with median disease duration of 72 months, participated. The levels of TNF-αand IL-6 were measured in blister fluid; disease activity was reevaluated by measuring pain and differences in temperature, volume, and mobility between both extremities. Differences in levels of IL-6 and TNF-αand mobility between both sides were significantly decreased. Pain and differences in temperature and volume were not significantly altered. No correlation was found between the cytokines and the disease characteristics. These results indicate that IL-6 and TNF-αare only partially responsible for the signs and symptoms of CRPS1.

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Signs and symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome type 1:consequences for diagnosis

European Journal of Anaesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00003643-200100001-00456 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 18 (Supplement 21) ◽

pp. 128 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. S.G.M. Perez ◽

M. J.M. Bauer ◽

W. W.A. Zuurmond ◽

J. J. de Lange

Keyword(s):

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Syndrome Type

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A Follow-up Study of 14 Young Adults with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I

Journal of Neuroscience Nursing ◽

10.1097/01376517-200004000-00003 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 83-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mary E. Greipp

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Type I ◽

Syndrome Type ◽

Follow Up Study

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Challenges in the Diagnostic Conceptualization of CRPS-1 (Formerly Conceptualized as RSD)

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2006.marapr01 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1-3, 9-12

Author(s):

Robert J. Barth ◽

Tom W. Bohr

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽

Somatoform Disorders ◽

International Association ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Somatoform Disorder ◽

Syndrome Type ◽

Previous Issue

Abstract From the previous issue, this article continues a discussion of the potentially confusing aspects of the diagnostic formulation for complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) proposed by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), the relevance of these issues for a proposed future protocol, and recommendations for clinical practice. IASP is working to resolve the contradictions in its approach to CRPS-1 diagnosis, but it continues to include the following criterion: “[c]ontinuing pain, which is disproportionate to any inciting event.” This language only perpetuates existing issues with current definitions, specifically the overlap between the IASP criteria for CRPS-1 and somatoform disorders, overlap with the guidelines for malingering, and self-contradiction with respect to the suggestion of injury-relatedness. The authors propose to overcome the last of these by revising the criterion: “[c]omplaints of pain in the absence of any identifiable injury that could credibly account for the complaints.” Similarly, the overlap with somatoform disorders could be reworded: “The possibility of a somatoform disorder has been thoroughly assessed, with the results of that assessment failing to produce any consistencies with a somatoform scenario.” The overlap with malingering could be addressed in this manner: “The possibility of malingering has been thoroughly assessed, with the results of that assessment failing to produce any consistencies with a malingering scenario.” The article concludes with six recommendations, and a sidebar discusses rating impairment for CRPS-1 (with explicit instructions not to use the pain chapter for this purpose).

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