scholarly journals Pediatric Neurocysticercosis: Usefulness of Antibody Response in Cysticidal Treatment Follow-Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Subba Rao Atluri ◽  
Venkateswara Reddy Gogulamudi ◽  
Pratibha Singhi ◽  
Niranjan Khandelwal ◽  
Lakshmana Swamy Parasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Molecular Mass ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples ◽  
Antigenic Fraction

Serum and urine samples were collected from 33 NCC patients before the albendazole treatment, 3–6 and 12 months PT. At 3 months PT, 24 (72.7%) patients had no detectable CT/MRI lesions and 9 (27.2%) patients had persistent lesions. Antibody response to crude soluble extract (CSE), excretory secretory (ES), and lower molecular mass (LMM) (10–30 KDa) antigenic fraction ofT. soliumcysticerci was detected in serum and urine samples by ELISA. Before the treatment, out of 33 NCC children, 14 (42.4%), 22 (66.6%), and 11 (33.3%) serum samples were found positive with the use of CSE, ES, and LMM antigen, respectively. At 3–6 months PT, positivity rate was 5 (15.1%), 2 (6%), and 4 (12.1%) and at 12 months PT, positivity rate was 5 (15.1%), 0, and 3 (9%) with the use of CSE, ES, and LMM antigen, respectively. There was no significant difference in the positivity with the use of three antigens in pretreatment and PT urine samples. The study suggests that the use of ES antigen to detect antibody in serum samples may serve better purpose to evaluate the therapeutic response in patients with NCC.

Detection of hydatid-specific antibodies in the serum and urine for the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in patients from the Kashmir Valley, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chirag ◽  
B.A. Fomda ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
A.A. Malik ◽  
G.N. Lone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

AbstractSerological diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) is usually made by detecting specific antibodies in serum samples. However, collection of blood samples is difficult and may be hazardous and unsafe. Thus, it is important to assess alternative simple methods of sampling body fluids that give similar results. Saliva and urine have been suggested as possible alternatives to detect specific antibodies for the diagnosis of various diseases. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no previously published study regarding the detection of CE-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass antibodies (IgG1–4) in urine. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the value of hydatid-specific antibodies of IgG, IgM, IgE and IgG subclass in urine and serum samples for the diagnosis of CE. Serum and urine samples of 41 surgically confirmed patients of CE, 40 patients with other diseases and 16 healthy subjects were included in the study. CE-specific total IgG, IgE and IgG4 in sera and total IgG, IgG4 and IgG1 in the urine of CE patients were the most important specific antibodies for the diagnosis of CE. However, total IgG usually persists for an extended period and has a very high cross-reactivity. The diagnostic sensitivity of hydatid-specific IgM in serum and urine samples was very low and therefore cannot be used as a diagnostic marker. There was no significant difference between IgG1 and IgG4 in serum and urine and both showed the best correlation for the diagnosis of CE. These considerations suggest that detection of antibodies in urine could provide a new approach in the diagnosis of CE.

Addressing the standardisation of internal standards and preservative used in human bio fluids for NMR analysis: a method optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Fatimatuzzahra’ Abd Aziz ◽  
Baharudin Ibrahim ◽  
Vikneswaran Murugaiyah ◽  
Azmi Sarriff
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

Abstract Objectives A database comprising multivariate data in developing a model from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis using human bio fluids are necessary to have reproducibility and reliability of the data. To achieve reproducibility of the data, standardised experiments, including internal standard and preservative used should be attained, especially for samples such as human bio fluids to hinder the variation among samples. The aim of the study was to optimise in commonly used human bio fluids (serum and urine) for a suitable internal standard and preservative used in extended storage samples for NMR analysis. Methods Serum and urine samples were collected from healthy human subjects. The experiment was divided into two parts, part one to evaluate 2,2,2,2-tetradeutero-4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentanoic acid (TSP) and 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-ammonium trifluoroacetate (DSA) as the optimal internal standard for the serum and urine samples. The second part investigated the effects of preservatives in the serum and urine samples on extended storage. Results Overall, TSP and DSA are suitable to be used as an internal standard in human urine samples. However, DSA is a superior internal standard in serum samples for NMR analysis. For the effect of preservative, the results indicated that human serum and urine samples could be stored without addition of preservative in −80 °C, as no changes in NMR fingerprinting have been observed during storage in the absence or presence of the preservative. Conclusions The findings suggest the use of DSA and TSP as an internal standard in serum and urine samples, respectively. Storage of serum and urine samples without any addition of preservative for an extended period has no effect on the metabolites changes. By having a standardised method, it will offer a considerable saving in both operator and spectrometer time and most importantly produce reproducible and reliable data.

scholarly journals A Simple RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Omeprazole in Human Serum and Urine: Validation and Application in Pharmacokinetic Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Jafreen Jamal Joti ◽  
Md Ashik Ullah ◽  
Ahasanul Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

A Simple RP-HPLC method with UV detection has been validated to determine omeprazole concentrations in human serum and urine samples. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 7.2 ± 0.05; 0.2 M) and acetonitrile (70:30, v/v), pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min through the C-8 column at room temperature. Peaks were monitored by UV absorbance at 302 nm at a sensitivity of 0.0001. The developed method was selective and linear for omeprazole concentrations ranging between 5 to 1000ng/ml for serum samples and 1 to 100μg/ml for urine samples. The recovery of omeprazole ranged from 95.68 to 99% and 95.54 to 99.8% for the serum and urine samples respectively. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of omeprazole was 5 ng/ml. The intraday accuracy ranged from 93.54 to 104.38% and 100.55 to 103.48% for the serum and urine respectively. The interday accuracy varied from 97.61 to 113.95% and 97.42 to 109.97% for the serum and urine respectively. For the LOQ, good values of precision (6.03 and 10.13% for intraday and interday, respectively) were also obtained. Acceptable results were obtained during stability study. This method proved to be simple, accurate and precise for pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies of omeprazole. Key words: Omeprazole; RP-HPLC; Method validation. DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v8i2.6026 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8(2): 123-130, 2009 (December)

A New Indicator for the Chelometric Measurement of Calcium in Serum and Urine

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Catledge ◽  
Homer G Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Flame Photometry ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
End Point ◽  
Copper Phosphate ◽  
Distinct Color ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

Abstract Hydroxy Naphthol Blue as a metallochromic indicator in the chelometric measurement of calcium with EDTA provides a very distinct color change at the end-point in the titration of aqueous solutions, serum, and urine samples. Iron, magnesium, copper, phosphate, and bilirubin in concentrations normally encountered in serum and urine did not interfere with the reaction of the indicator. The results obtained with this indicator were not statistically different from those of serum samples analyzed by flame photometry or urine samples analyzed chelometrically with Cal-Red as the indicator.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of BK and JC Viruses Circulating among Potential Kidney Donors in Kuwait

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wassim Chehadeh ◽  
Susan Silpi Kurien ◽  
Mangalathillam Raman Nampoory
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Kidney Donation ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Kidney Donors ◽  
Subtype 3 ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

BK and JC polyomaviruses can be associated with nephropathy following renal transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, load, and genotypes of BK and JC viruses circulated in potential kidney donors in Kuwait. The detection of polyomavirus DNA was carried out in serum and urine samples of 165 potential kidney donors. Seventy (42%) individuals were tested positive for polyomavirus DNA, of whom 20 (12%) had detectable polyomavirus DNA in their serum samples, 40 (24%) in their urine samples, and 10 (6%) in both serum and urine samples. In the group of polyomavirus-positive patients, JC DNA could be detected in 78% of urine samples and 11% of serum samples, whereas BK DNA could be detected in 7% of urine samples and 3% of serum samples. The median polyomaviral load was low. The detected BK sequences in Kuwaiti adults formed new clusters sharing common ancestor with subgroups Ib1 and IVc, which are prevalent in Asia and Europe. Additionally, around half of the detected JCV sequences in Kuwaiti adults formed new clusters within the African subtype 3. Our results suggest high rate of polyomavirus shedding among healthy adults in Kuwait that can jeopardize their suitability for kidney donation.

Addressing the standardisation of internal standards and preservative used in human bio fluids for NMR analysis: a method optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimatuzzahra’ Abd Aziz ◽  
Baharudin Ibrahim ◽  
Vikneswaran Murugaiyah ◽  
Azmi Sarriff
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

Abstract Objectives A database comprising multivariate data in developing a model from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis using human bio fluids are necessary to have reproducibility and reliability of the data. To achieve reproducibility of the data, standardised experiments, including internal standard and preservative used should be attained, especially for samples such as human bio fluids to hinder the variation among samples. The aim of the study was to optimise in commonly used human bio fluids (serum and urine) for a suitable internal standard and preservative used in extended storage samples for NMR analysis. Methods Serum and urine samples were collected from healthy human subjects. The experiment was divided into two parts, part one to evaluate 2,2,2,2-tetradeutero-4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentanoic acid (TSP) and 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-ammonium trifluoroacetate (DSA) as the optimal internal standard for the serum and urine samples. The second part investigated the effects of preservatives in the serum and urine samples on extended storage. Results Overall, TSP and DSA are suitable to be used as an internal standard in human urine samples. However, DSA is a superior internal standard in serum samples for NMR analysis. For the effect of preservative, the results indicated that human serum and urine samples could be stored without addition of preservative in −80 °C, as no changes in NMR fingerprinting have been observed during storage in the absence or presence of the preservative. Conclusions The findings suggest the use of DSA and TSP as an internal standard in serum and urine samples, respectively. Storage of serum and urine samples without any addition of preservative for an extended period has no effect on the metabolites changes. By having a standardised method, it will offer a considerable saving in both operator and spectrometer time and most importantly produce reproducible and reliable data.

Radioimmunoassays for type III procollagen amino-terminal peptides in humans.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1301-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Niemelä
Keyword(s):  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Type Iii Procollagen ◽  
Daily Excretion ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

Abstract Use of radioimmunoassay for the amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen for monitoring fibrotic processes in humans has been frustrating because of the nonparallel relation between results for the standard bovine antigen and human serum samples. In the radioimmunoassays I developed for this propeptide and its monomeric Col 1 domain, based on use of antigens from humans, serum samples generated less-steep inhibition curves than did the standard antigen in the propeptide assay; in the Col 1 assay, however, serum and urine samples both generated inhibition curves having the same slope as that generated with the standard Col 1 peptide. Concentrations of human fragment Col 1 in serum samples as measured with the Col 1 assay were usually double those obtained with the human propeptide assay, which in turn were two- to threefold those obtained with the bovine antigen assay. In control subjects and alcoholic cirrhotics the concentrations of antigen in urine and the daily excretion rates as measured with the assay for human Col 1 exceeded those reported previously. The presence of different antigen forms was demonstrated with both assays by gel-filtration analysis of serum and urine samples. The assay for human Col 1 should be suitable for routine clinical chemical use.

Determination of dabigatran in plasma, serum, and urine samples: comparison of six methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Du ◽  
Christel Weiss ◽  
Giese Christina ◽  
Sandra Krämer ◽  
Martin Wehling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Thrombin Inhibitor ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples

AbstractAssessing the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran may be useful in certain clinical settings. When plasma sampling is not available, serum or urine samples may provide another option for dabigatran determinations.Dabigatran was assessed in patients on treatment under real-life conditions in plasma samples by four clotting time-based assays and in plasma, serum, and urine samples by two chromogenic substrate methods.The concentrations of dabigatran in patients’ plasma samples were not different for the Hemoclot test (106.8±89.4 ng/mL) and the ecarin clotting time (ECT, 109.5±74.5 ng/mL, p=0.58). Activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombinase-induced clotting time showed low correlations with the other assays. Chromogenic assays measured similar concentrations as Hemoclot and ECT. For both chromogenic assays, the concentrations of dabigatran were about 70% lower in serum than in plasma samples (p<0.0001). The intra-class coefficient (ICC, Bland-Altman analysis) was strong comparing ECT, Hemoclot thrombin inhibitor (HTI) assay, and the two chromogenic assays (r=0.889–0.737). The ICC was low for comparisons of the chromogenic assays of serum vs. plasma values (ICC, 0.15 and 0.66). The ICC for the determination of dabigatran in urine samples by the two chromogenic assays (5641.6±4319.7 and 4730.0±3770.2 ng/mL) was 0.737.ECT, HTI, and chromogenic assays can be used to determine dabigatran in plasma samples from patients under real-life conditions. Chromogenic assays require further improvement to reliably measure dabigatran in serum samples. Dabigatran concentrations in urine samples can also be determined quantitatively.

scholarly journals Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in human serum and urine samples from a residentially exposed community

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Rogers Worley ◽  
Susan McAfee Moore ◽  
Bruce C. Tierney ◽  
Xiaoyun Ye ◽  
Antonia M. Calafat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances ◽  
Serum And Urine ◽  
Serum And Urine Samples
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