Abstract P319: Comparing Coronary Artery Calcium among U.S. South Asians with Four Racial/Ethnic Groups: The MASALA and MESA Studies

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka M Kanaya ◽  
Namratha R Kandula ◽  
David Herrington ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
Michael J Blaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Asian Men ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Background: South Asians (individuals from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka) have high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which cannot be fully explained by traditional risk factors. We created a community-based cohort of South Asians (MASALA) and compared the prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) to four racial/ethnic groups in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Methods: We compared 803 South Asians to the four racial/ethnic groups (2,622 Whites, 1,893 African Americans, 1,496 Latinos and 803 Chinese Americans), all free of CVD. We created pooled multivariate Poisson models to examine the effect of race/ethnicity with CAC after adjusting for sex, age, clinical site, education, smoking, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, HDL-, LDL-cholesterol, and cholesterol lowering medication use. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of any CAC was similar between White and South Asian men (68%), but was lower in Latino (58%), Chinese American (58%) and African American men (51%). South Asian women had similar CAC prevalence as other ethnic minority women but significantly lower than White women (37% vs. 43%, p<0.05). The figure shows the mean CAC scores among each of the five racial/ethnic groups by 5-year increments in age. After adjusting for all covariates, South Asian men were similar to White men and had higher CAC scores compared to African Americans, Latinos and Chinese Americans. In fully adjusted models, CAC scores were similar for South Asian women compared to all MESA groups. However, South Asian women ≥70 years had a higher prevalence of any CAC than all other racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions: South Asian men are more similar to Whites than the other race/ethnic groups in MESA. The high burden of subclinical atherosclerosis in South Asians may partly explain higher rates of CVD in South Asians. Follow-up data from the MASALA study will determine whether CAC is associated with incident CVD among South Asians and if this relationship differs from that observed in other racial/ethnic groups.

Abstract MP079: Coronary Artery Calcium Incidence and Progression Among South Asians: Results From the MASALA Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka M Kanaya ◽  
Namratha Kandula ◽  
David Herrington ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
Matthew Budoff
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Agatston Score ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Asian Men

Background: South Asians have a high burden of cardiovascular disease. We have reported that South Asians have similarly high prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) compared to non-Hispanic Whites, and higher CAC than other U.S. ethnic minority groups. No studies have determined the incidence or progression of CAC among South Asians. Methods: We used data from a community-based cohort of South Asians (MASALA) and calculated change in CAC Agatston score between Exam 1 (2010-2013) and Exam 2 (2015-2016) among 379 South Asians. We calculated the average annual incident CAC for those with no CAC at Exam 1, and CAC progression among those with CAC at Exam 1. We compared these findings to the previously reported CAC incidence and progression in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). We also determined factors associated with a ≥100 change in CAC score. Results: We used data from 240 men and 139 women with repeat CAC measured after 4.5±0.7 years of follow-up. Among those with no detectable CAC at baseline, 6.8% developed incident CAC annually (9.2% of men and 4.4% of women), which was similar to MESA race/ethnic groups. Among those with known CAC at baseline, the median annual CAC progression was 23 (interquartile range, 8-56). The table shows the distribution of annual CAC progression. South Asians overall, but particularly South Asian men, had significantly higher annual CAC progression compared to the reported average in MESA (overall median 18, 4-53). Established risk factors (age, male sex, diabetes and hypertension), pericardial fat volume and visceral fat area were associated with greater CAC progression. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that South Asian men have significantly greater CAC progression compared to other race/ethnic groups. Longer follow-up of MASALA will determine whether CAC score or CAC progression are important predictors of cardiovascular disease events.

scholarly journals Comparing coronary artery calcium among U.S. South Asians with four racial/ethnic groups: The MASALA and MESA studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka M. Kanaya ◽  
Namratha R. Kandula ◽  
Susan K. Ewing ◽  
David Herrington ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Incidence and pathophysiology of diabetes in South Asian adults living in India and Pakistan compared with US blacks and whites

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001927
Author(s):  
K M Venkat Narayan ◽  
Dimple Kondal ◽  
Natalie Daya ◽  
Unjali P Gujral ◽  
Deepa Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
White Women ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Asian Men ◽  
Blacks And Whites

IntroductionWe compared diabetes incidence in South Asians aged ≥45 years in urban India (Chennai and Delhi) and Pakistan (Karachi), two low-income and middle-income countries undergoing rapid transition, with blacks and whites in the US, a high-income country.Research design and methodsWe computed age-specific, sex-specific and body mass index (BMI)-specific diabetes incidence from the prospective Center for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia Study (n=3136) and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (blacks, n=3059; whites, n=9924). We assessed factors associated with incident diabetes using Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsSouth Asians have lower BMI and waist circumference than blacks and whites (median BMI, kg/m2: 24.9 vs 28.2 vs 26.0; median waist circumference, cm 87.5 vs 96.0 vs 95.0). South Asians were less insulin resistant than blacks and whites (age-BMI-adjusted homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, µIU/mL/mmol/L: 2.30 vs 3.45 vs 2.59), and more insulin deficient than blacks but not whites (age-BMI-adjusted homeostasis model assessment of β-cell dysfunction, µIU/mL/mmol/L: 103.7 vs 140.6 vs 103.9). Age-standardized diabetes incidence (cases/1000 person-years (95% CI)) in South Asian men was similar to black men and 1.6 times higher (1.37 to 1.92) than white men (26.0 (22.2 to 29.8) vs 26.2 (22.7 to 29.7) vs 16.1 (14.8 to 17.4)). In South Asian women, incidence was slightly higher than black women and 3 times (2.61 to 3.66) the rate in white women (31.9 (27.5 to 36.2) vs 28.6 (25.7 to 31.6) vs 11.3 (10.2 to 12.3)). In normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2), diabetes incidence adjusted for age was 2.9 times higher (2.09 to 4.28) in South Asian men, and 5.3 times (3.64 to 7.54) in South Asian women than in white women.ConclusionsSouth Asian adults have lower BMI and are less insulin resistant than US blacks and whites, but have higher diabetes incidence than US whites, especially in subgroups without obesity. Factors other than insulin resistance (ie, insulin secretion) may play an important role in the natural history of diabetes in South Asians.

scholarly journals The Impact Of South Asian Cultural Violence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riti Dass
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Asian Culture ◽  
Cultural Violence ◽  
Asian Men ◽  
Narrative Methodology ◽  
The Impact

<div>This study explores the experiences and perspectives of first/second generation South Asian Canadian women on the representation of South Asian culture and violence against South Asian women. Specifically, this study looks at the myth of South Asian cultural violence, which views South Asian culture as inherently oppressive toward women and South Asian men as violent; and as a result, South Asian women are seen as victims of these men and their culture.</div><div>This study does not undermine violence against South Asian women, but challenges the ways in which violence against South Asian women gets talked about through the myth or the discourse of South Asian cultural violence. Both the state and (trans)national media play an important role in circulating this myth to further socio-political agendas. Centering the narratives of South Asian women in this study will show the ways in which they make meaning of the myth, as well as how they challenge and resist it. This study involves a focus group with two first/second generation South Asian Canadian women using arts-informed narrative methodology. Findings demonstrate that the discourse of South Asian cultural violence has had a significant impact on their relationship to themselves, other South Asians, and to the South Asian culture due to the ongoing encounter with stories of violence against South Asian women. </div>

scholarly journals Differences in Diet Quality among Multiple US Racial/Ethnic Groups from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1509-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A Rodriguez ◽  
Yichen Jin ◽  
Sameera A Talegawkar ◽  
Marcia C de Oliveira Otto ◽  
Namratha R Kandula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Racial Ethnic

ABSTRACT Background Diet quality is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the diet quality of South Asians in the United States, a group with higher rates of T2D and CVD compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Objective This study determined whether diet quality differs between South Asian adults in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study and whites, Chinese Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Methods Cross-sectional data from 3926 participants free of CVD from MESA visit 5 (2010–2011) and 889 South Asian participants from MASALA visit 1 (2010–2013) were pooled. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) derived using FFQs. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and total energy intake were used to compare mean differences in diet quality between the racial/ethnic groups. Results MESA participants were, on average, 14 y older than MASALA participants. The adjusted mean (95% CI) scores for the AHEI-2010 were 70.2 (69.5, 70.9) among South Asians, 66.2 (66.3, 68.2) among Chinese Americans, 61.1 (60.7, 61.6) among whites, 59.0 (58.4, 59.7) among Hispanics, and 57.5 (56.9, 58.1) among African Americans. The mean AHEI scores among South Asians were 3.1 (1.8, 4.3), 9.2 (8.3, 10.1), 11.2 (10.2, 12.3), and 12.8 (11.8, 13.7) points higher compared with Chinese Americans, whites, Hispanics, and African Americans, respectively. Conclusions South Asian adults in the United States have a higher diet quality compared with other racial/ethnic groups. This paradoxical finding is not consistent with the observed higher rates of T2D and CVD compared with other groups. This is further evidence of the importance of studying the South Asian population to better understand the causes of chronic disease not explained by diet quality.

scholarly journals The Impact Of South Asian Cultural Violence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riti Dass
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Asian Culture ◽  
Cultural Violence ◽  
Asian Men ◽  
Narrative Methodology ◽  
The Impact

<div>This study explores the experiences and perspectives of first/second generation South Asian Canadian women on the representation of South Asian culture and violence against South Asian women. Specifically, this study looks at the myth of South Asian cultural violence, which views South Asian culture as inherently oppressive toward women and South Asian men as violent; and as a result, South Asian women are seen as victims of these men and their culture.</div><div>This study does not undermine violence against South Asian women, but challenges the ways in which violence against South Asian women gets talked about through the myth or the discourse of South Asian cultural violence. Both the state and (trans)national media play an important role in circulating this myth to further socio-political agendas. Centering the narratives of South Asian women in this study will show the ways in which they make meaning of the myth, as well as how they challenge and resist it. This study involves a focus group with two first/second generation South Asian Canadian women using arts-informed narrative methodology. Findings demonstrate that the discourse of South Asian cultural violence has had a significant impact on their relationship to themselves, other South Asians, and to the South Asian culture due to the ongoing encounter with stories of violence against South Asian women. </div>

scholarly journals Ectopic Fat Depots and Coronary Artery Calcium in South Asians Compared With Other Racial/Ethnic Groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin K. Garg ◽  
Feng Lin ◽  
Namratha Kandula ◽  
Jingzhong Ding ◽  
Jeffrey Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Ectopic Fat ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Cancer screening coverage of south Asian women in Wakefield

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Sutton ◽  
A. Storer ◽  
K. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Breast Screening ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Screening Coverage ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Central Services

OBJECTIVE:To measure the cervical and breast screening coverage of south Asian women in Wakefield, compared with other city residents. DESIGN:Pairwise measurement of screening histories of women whose names appeared to be south Asian, and of non-Asian women matched by date of birth and general practice. Data source—Computerised records of screening histories held by West Yorkshire Central Services Agency, for the eight general practices in central Wakefield. RESULTS:67% of south Asians and 75% of non-Asians had acceptable (not overdue) cervical screening histories (&khgr;2=13.75, p<0.001). 53% of south Asians and 78% of non-Asians had acceptable breast screening histories (&khgr;2=8.5, p<0.01) CONCLUSION:Interventions should be designed to improve coverage for breast screening among south Asian women. The need for such interventions for cervical screening is equivocal.

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