scholarly journals Exaggerated Vasoconstriction to Spontaneous Bursts of Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Healthy Young Black Men

Hypertension ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Vranish ◽  
Seth W. Holwerda ◽  
Benjamin E. Young ◽  
Daniel P. Credeur ◽  
Jordan C. Patik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Spontaneous Bursts

scholarly journals Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress differs in black and non-Hispanic white adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida T. Fonkoue ◽  
Christopher E. Schwartz ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Jason R. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Black Adults ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Neural Reactivity ◽  
Hispanic White

Black adults have a higher risk of hypertension compared with non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults, but physiological mechanisms underlying this predisposition remain unclear. This study compared muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) responses to mental stress in a group of young black and NHW participants. We hypothesized that the sympathoexcitation associated with mental stress would be greater in black adults compared with NHW participants. Thirty-five male adults (19 black, 23 ± 1 yr; 16 NHW, 22 ± 1 yr) were examined during 5-min supine baseline and 5 min of mental stress (via mental arithmetic). Baseline mean arterial pressure (80 ± 2 vs. 82 ± 1 mmHg), heart rate (61 ± 4 vs. 61 ± 2 beats/min), MSNA (13 ± 1 vs. 15 ± 2 bursts/min), and sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity (−1.1 ± 0.4 vs. −1.5 ± 0.3 bursts·100 heart beats−1·mmHg−1) were not significantly different between NHW and black adults ( P > 0.05), respectively. MSNA reactivity to mental stress was significantly higher in NHW compared with black adults (time × race, P = 0.006), with a particularly divergent responsiveness during the first minute of mental stress in NHW (Δ4 ± 1 burst/min) and black (Δ−2 ± 2 burst/min; P = 0.022) men. Blood pressure and heart rate reactivity to mental stress were similar between groups. In summary, black participants demonstrated a lower MSNA responsiveness to mental stress compared with NHW adults. These findings suggest that, despite a higher prevalence of hypertension, black subjects do not appear to have higher neural and cardiovascular responsiveness to mental stress compared with NHW. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Black men have a blunted muscle sympathetic nerve activity response to mental stress compared with non-Hispanic white (NHW) men, especially at the onset of mental stress when muscle sympathetic nerve activity decreased in blacks and increased in NHW men. Thus, despite a high prevalence of hypertension in blacks, normotensive NHW men display a greater peripheral sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress than black men.

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity is reduced in IDDM before overt autonomic neuropathy

Diabetes ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Hoffman ◽  
C. A. Sinkey ◽  
M. G. Kienzle ◽  
E. A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Autonomic Neuropathy ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Nerve Activity
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