Responses of banana and plantain cultivars, lines and hybrids to the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Viaene ◽  
Luis Durán ◽  
J. Mauricio Rivera ◽  
Jorge Dueñas ◽  
Phil Rowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Parent ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Burrowing Nematode ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Abstract Twenty-eight genotypes (bred diploids, seed-fertile triploids and tetraploid hybrids) of Musa spp. were evaluated in pot tests in Honduras for resistance and tolerance to Radopholus similis through comparison with reference genotypes (Grand Nain as susceptible and Pisang Jari Buaya and Yangambi Km5 as resistant). Eleven tests were carried out, each with seven to 12 Musa genotypes. Tissueculture plants (TC) or plants grown from a corm (Co) were inoculated with 1000 or 3500 nematodes per plant, respectively. Data on nematode population densities, fresh root weight, percentages dead roots, root necrosis and root bases on the corm with lesions were taken 13-23 weeks after inoculation. In most tests, Gros Michel and Highgate were as susceptible to R. similis as Grand Nain. Resistance was shown by both TC and Co plants of SH-3142, SH-3362, SH-3648 and SH-3723, and by Co plants of SH-2095, SH-3624, the female parents Calcutta 4 and Prata Enana, and the hybrid FHIA-01. Moderate resistance was shown by TC plants of SH-3624 and Co plants of SH-3437, the female parent Pelipita and the hybrids FHIA-18 and FHIA-23. The other genotypes were susceptible to R. similis although the male parents SH-3386 and SH-3640, and the hybrid FHIA-21 had some degree of resistance. FHIA-03 was susceptible but showed tolerance to R. similis.

Nematodes associated with East African Highland cooking bananas and cv. Pisang Awak (Musa spp.) in Central Uganda

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Waele ◽  
Paul Speijer
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Population ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Root Damage ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
East African ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Root Death ◽  
Pratylenchus Goodeyi

AbstractA survey was conducted at 17 sites in Central Uganda. Suckers were detached from East African Highland cooking bananas (Musa spp., AAA-group) and the cultivar Pisang Awak (Musa spp., ABB-group), and assessed for nematode population densities and root damage. The frequency of occurrence on both Musa groups was Helicotylenchus multicinctus 88%, Radopholus similis 74% and Pratylenchus goodeyi 50%. Helicotylenchus multicinctus and R. similis densities were higher (P ≤ 0.05) on Highland cooking bananas compared to Pisang Awak, while P. goodeyi densities did not differ significantly between the groups. Helicotylenchus multicinctus and R. similis were observed to be the major pests of Highland cooking bananas in Central Uganda, causing extensive root death. Radopholus similis may be the more important of the two, as it was also highly associated with root necrosis.

Effects of nematode infection and mulching on the yield of plantain (Musa spp., AAB-group) ratoon crops and plantation longevity in southeastern Nigeria

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Auwerkerken ◽  
Thomas Dubois ◽  
Bart De Schutter ◽  
Paul Speijer ◽  
Omalara Rotimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Infection ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Plant Crop

AbstractThe effects of nematode infection and mulching on plantain cv. Agbagba (Musa spp., AAB-group, false horn) yield and plantation longevity were examined in a field experiment at the High Rainfall Station of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) at Onne in southeastern Nigeria. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th crop cycles (1st, 2nd and 3rd ratoon, respectively) following the plant crop cycle (mother crop) were examined in nematode inoculated or non-inoculated and mulched or non-mulched treatments. Nematodes (Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and, to a lesser extent, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Hoplolaimus pararobustus and Meloidogyne spp.) were inoculated at planting of the mother plant, but were also present in relatively high population densities in the non-inoculated treatments at harvest of the 1st crop cycle. Plants inoculated with nematodes failed to reach harvest and neither did plants in the non-inoculated non-mulched treatments in any ratoon. Only non-inoculated mulched plants reached harvest, producing 0.85, 1.22 and 0.2 Mg ha−1, respectively in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ratoon, taking toppled, broken and dead plants into consideration. Mulched plants were larger, had more suckers, survived longer and had healthier root systems compared with non-mulched plants. Damage to roots was greater in the inoculated plants compared with the non-inoculated plants for the 1st and 2nd ratoons but not for the 3rd ratoon. Radopholus similis was most strongly associated with root damage (percentage root necrosis and dead roots), although H. multicinctus population densities were also positively correlated with percentage root necrosis. At flowering of the 1st ratoon, 71% of the inoculated non-mulched plants were dead compared with only 1% of the non-inoculated mulched plants. Helicotylenchus multicinctus remained the most abundant nematode throughout the experiment. Together with R. similis, it comprised over 95% of the plant-parasitic nematode population.

scholarly journals Yield Increases in Burrowing Nematode-infested Anthurium with Fluopyram and Trifloxystrobin Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-607
Author(s):  
Roxana Myers ◽  
Brian Bushe ◽  
Cathy Mello ◽  
Joanne Lichty ◽  
Arnold Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Flower Yield ◽  
Burrowing Nematode

Burrowing nematode (Radopholus similis) causes severe stunting and yield reduction in anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) cut flower production. Two field trials were conducted at commercial grower farms to test the efficacy of fluopyram or fluopyram + trifloxystrobin for managing burrowing nematodes. Nematode population densities in roots and cinder media were evaluated during the trial in addition to cut flower yield and canopy cover. In the first trial, the nematode population in roots was reduced by 57% after two applications of fluopyram 3 months apart. As plant health improved, the increasing anthurium root weight supported higher nematode populations. After 14 months, fluopyram-treated plots had 43% more green canopy cover and a 53% increase in flower production compared with the untreated control plots. At a second location, population densities of burrowing nematode were reduced in roots after one application of fluopyram + trifloxystrobin and remained low with quarterly applications. Nematode populations were initially reduced in fluopyram-treated plots followed by a resurgence as demonstrated in the other trial. Ten months after the initial treatment, flower yield was greater in fluopyram + trifloxystrobin-treated plots with more large and extra-large flowers produced. Canopy cover was 45% and 22% greater with fluopyram + trifloxystrobin and fluopyram applications, respectively. Fluopyram shows potential for management of burrowing nematodes in anthurium by improving plant vigor and cut flower production.

Reproduction and pathogenicity of Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus coffeae, and their interaction with Radopholus similis on Musa

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Moens ◽  
Mario Araya ◽  
Rony Swennen ◽  
Dirk De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Pratylenchus Coffeae ◽  
Concomitant Species ◽  
Pot Plants

Abstract The reproduction and pathogenicity of Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus coffeae was studied on Musa AAA cv. Grande Naine pot plants and microplot plants. First, separate experiments using different inoculation numbers (between 218 and 4144) and different exposure times (between 8 and 22 weeks) were executed in pots for each nematode species. Helicotylenchus multicinctus suppressed root growth by 13%, comparing inoculated with uninoculated plants. In contrast, M. incognita stimulated root growth by 6.7%, while P. coffeae had no effect on root growth. The interaction between R. similis and each of these three nematode species was investigated in a concomitancy experiment in pots. Plants without concomitant species yielded the highest R. similis population densities but did not differ from plants previously inoculated with H. multicinctus and P. coffeae. Meloidogyne incognita was the only concomitant species that reduced R. similis population densities. Inoculation with R. similis affected the recovered numbers of P. coffeae albeit with large variability. In the microplot experiment, all four nematode species except H. multicinctus reduced the bunch weight of bananas, compared to uninoculated plants. Pratylenchus coffeae and R. similis increased root damage by 129 and 262%, respectively, while only the latter species suppressed root weight with 66%.

Effect of endophytic Fusarium oxysporum on root penetration and reproduction of Radopholus similis in tissue culture-derived banana (Musa spp.) plants

Nematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altus Viljoen ◽  
Nico Labuschagne ◽  
Thomas Dubois ◽  
Shahasi Athman ◽  
Daniel Coyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Burrowing Nematode

AbstractIn Uganda, banana (Musa spp.) production is constrained by the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis. Non-pathogenic, endophytic Fusarium oxysporum has been isolated from healthy banana plants, and several strains have shown potential as biological control agents against R. similis. Plant infection by R. similis can be characterised in three steps: host searching, root penetration and reproduction. In this study, we investigated the effects of three endophytic F. oxysporum strains (Eny1.31i, Eny7.11o and V5w2) on root penetration and reproduction of R. similis in tissue culture-derived banana plants. The number of R. similis that penetrated roots of endophyte-inoculated and untreated plants was not influenced by the endophytes in either laboratory or screenhouse experiments. However, R. similis reproduction was reduced by endophytes. Strain V5w2 gave the greatest suppression of R. similis reproduction. The results of this study imply that antagonism of endophytic F. oxysporum against R. similis in banana plants is post-infectional and mediated through disruption of nematode reproduction.

Effects of Trichodorus obtusus on zoysiagrass and bermudagrass root weight and turfgrass quality

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradly R. Shaver ◽  
S. Bruce Martin ◽  
William C. Bridges ◽  
Paula Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Turfgrass Quality ◽  
Stubby Root Nematode

Trichodorus obtusus is a damaging stubby-root nematode encountered on turf. Few reports exist about the effects of T. obtusus feeding on turfgrass in field settings. A 2-year field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of T. obtusus on turf quality and root weight of Tifway bermudagrass and Empire zoysiagrass. Core samples and turf quality ratings were taken on multiple sampling dates, from plots at multiple locations in South Carolina, USA. Nematode population densities, root weights and turf quality were used to describe the linear and non-linear relationships between them. Zoysiagrass root weights increased, but turf quality decreased with nematode population density. Bermudagrass root weights and quality decreased in response to increased nematode population densities. Our results show that T. obtusus can cause significant reductions in turfgrass quality, and zoysiagrass and bermudagrass were able to tolerate low nematode population densities before turf quality reductions were detectable.

Effect of nematodes on root and shoot growth of in vitro-propagated and sword sucker-derived plants of six Musa spp. genotypes

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Blomme ◽  
Hilde de Beule ◽  
Rony Swennen ◽  
Abdou Tenkouano ◽  
Dirk De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
System Size ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Root System Size

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of infection by a mixture of nematode species (including Helicotylenchus multicinctus, H. dihystera, Hoplolaimus pararobustus, Meloidogyne spp. and Radopholus similis) on the root system size and shoot growth of six Musa genotypes. In addition, the influence of type of planting material on susceptibility and sensitivity to nematodes was assessed, comparing suckers (i.e., lateral shoots) and in vitro-derived planting material, produced through shoot-tip culture techniques. The Musa genotypes were the triploid (AAA-group) dessert banana cvs Yangambi km5 and Gros Michel, the triploid plantain cvs Agbagba and Obino l'Ewai (both AAB-group) and two IITA improved tetraploid plantain hybrids TMPx 548-9 and TMPx 5511-2. The study was carried out at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture High Rainfall station at Onne in southeastern Nigeria in an ultisol soil. During vegetative growth, shoot growth of infected plants was less than that of non-infected plants. At flower emergence, a severe reduction in root system size (as much as 75%) was associated with moderate (in most cases less then 20%) reduction in corm and shoot growth characteristics. This indicates that Musa spp. plants grow relatively well with a reduced root system, i.e., the remaining root system can supply the plant with the necessary nutrients and water. Root systems of sucker-derived dessert bananas tolerated higher nematode population densities than those of in vitro-derived plants. Plantains were highly sensitive as moderate nematode population densities caused a severe reduction in root system size.

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