Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities for IGO-Like Entities

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-406
Author(s):  
Davorin Lapaš
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Committee ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Public Purpose ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Contemporary international relations have resulted not only in the establishment of intergovernmental organizations (‘IGOs’), but also in the emergence of certain IGO-like entities which are entering into ‘diplomatic-like’ relations with states, characterised by privileges and immunities similar to those provided under classic diplomatic law. This paper analyses such diplomatic-like relations between states and a number of these IGO-like entities primarily in relation to so-called ‘trans-governmental organizations’ (‘TGOs)’. In addition, organizations composed of formally non-state entities, but with an undoubtedly public purpose, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (‘ICRC’) or the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (‘IFRC’), as well as other so-called ‘advanced’ non-governmental organizations (‘NGOs’), will also be discussed due to their participation in legally regulated international, diplomatic-like relations with states and IGOs.

Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities for IGO-like Entities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-378
Author(s):  
Davorin Lapaš
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Committee ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Public Purpose ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Contemporary international relations have resulted not only in the establishment of intergovernmental organizations (‘IGOs’), but also in the emergence of certain IGO-like entities which are entering into ‘diplomatic-like’ relations with states, characterised by privileges and immunities similar to those provided under classic diplomatic law. This paper analyses such diplomatic-like relations between states and a number of these IGO-like entities primarily in relation to so-called ‘trans-governmental organizations’ (‘TGOs)’. In addition, organizations composed of formally non-state entities, but with an undoubtedly public purpose, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross (‘ICRC’) or the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (‘IFRC’), as well as other so-called ‘advanced’ non-governmental organizations (‘NGOs’), will also be discussed due to their participation in legally regulated international, diplomatic-like relations with states and IGOs.

Draft Model Declaration on Internal Strife

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (262) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor Meron
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Draft Model ◽  
Specific Country

The tragedy of internal strife affects a large and growing number of countries throughout the world. The situations in many of these countries have been studied by UN bodies, governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations and, of course, by the International Committee of the Red Cross. On the basis of their reports, it would be possible to describe the symptoms of internal strife specific to these particular countries. However, this paper focuses on the general features characteristic of internal strife, without reference to particular countries, since accounts of the situation in any specific country inevitably prompt debate over conflicting factual allegations. Such debate would deflect us from our tasks of developing and understanding of the nature of internal strife and suggesting the necessary remedies.

Inter-Agency Guidelines for Psychosocial Intervention in Emergencies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha S. Bragin
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) is the arm of the international community that provides guidelines for practice in humanitarian emergencies and coordinates among the three parts of the humanitarian system: the United Nations and its agencies; the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and the International Committee for the Red Cross; and the consortia of International non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This article describes the IASC Guidelines for Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings, their role and history, and the role of social work in their development. The article notes the concurrence of various aspects of the Guidelines with social work practice, and provides case examples of social work interventions in the context of the Guidelines. Practical tools that social workers can use when confronting emergencies at home or abroad are included in the reference list.

Meeting of Non-Governmental Organizations

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (129) ◽  
pp. 651-651
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

The International Committee of the Red Cross had convened a consultative meeting of non-governmental organizations interested in its work for the reaffirmation and development of international humanitarian law.

8. Individuals and Other Legal Subjects

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-178
Author(s):  
Paola Gaeta ◽  
Jorge E. Viñuales ◽  
Salvatore Zappalà
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Second World

This chapter discusses the legal personality under international law of a broad range of legal subjects other than States and international organizations, particularly individuals, peoples, and national liberation movements, as well as insurgents and a few other sui generis entities (including transnational corporations and non-governmental organizations). While insurgents, like States and some of the sui generis entities (the Holy See, the Sovereign Order of Malta, or the International Committee of the Red Cross), constitute traditional subjects of international law, the other categories emerged in the aftermath of the Second World War. The chapter also tackles the issue of which international rules apply to all these diverse entities and to what extent they participate in international dealings.

scholarly journals Promoting compliance of private security and military companies with international humanitarian law

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (863) ◽  
pp. 613-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Private Security ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

AbstractPrivate security and military companies have become a ubiquitous part of modern armed conflict and post-conflict reconstruction. Their diverse clients include governments in the developed and developing world alike, non-state belligerents, international corporations, non-governmental organizations, the United Nations, and private individuals. The implications of this proliferation of private security and military companies for international humanitarian law and human rights are only beginning to be appreciated, as potential violations and misconduct by their employees have come to light in Iraq and Afghanistan. The author critically examines the theoretical risks posed by private military and security company activity with respect to violations of international humanitarian law and human rights, together with the incentives that these companies have to comply with those norms. Empirical evidence is also presented to expand on this theoretical framework. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the author draws on law, international relations theory, criminology, economics, corporate strategy and political economy, as well as psychology and sociology, to analyse the competing “risk-factors” and “compliance levers” that interact at each level of private military and security company activity to enhance or reduce the likelihood of a violation occurring. These findings are then applied by the author to assess emergent measures to deal with private security and military companies outside the legal sphere, including a programme of the International Committee of the Red Cross and the advent of the International Peace Operations Association.

Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (156) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Recent Developments

The Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts opened in Geneva on 20 February 1974. This Conference was convened by the Swiss Government and is being attended by plenipotentiary representatives of 118 States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 and Members of the United Nations, as well as by many observers for intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. The Conference will sit until 29 March to deal with two additional draft protocols to the Geneva Conventions, which the International Committee of the Red Cross has drawn up with a view to supplementing existing international humanitarian law in the light of recent developments in matters of war.

Improving Management of Limb Injuries in Disasters and Conflicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Guy Jensen ◽  
Elhanan Bar-On ◽  
Jane Thorley Wiedler ◽  
Stefanie C. Hautz ◽  
Harald Veen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
International Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractIt has become clear that disaster relief needs to transition from good intentions or a charity-based approach to a professional, outcome-oriented response. The practice of medicine in disaster and conflict is a profession practiced in environments where lack of resources, chaos, and unpredictability are the norm rather than the exception. With this consideration in mind, the World Health Organization (WHO; Geneva, Switzerland) and its partners set out to improve the disaster response systems. The resulting Emergency Medical Team (EMT) classification system requires that teams planning on engaging in disaster response follow common standards for the delivery of care in resource-constraint environments. In order to clarify these standards, the WHO EMT Secretariat collaborated with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC; Geneva, Switzerland) and leading experts from other stakeholder non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to produce a guide to the management of limb injuries in disaster and conflict.The resulting text is a free and open-access resource to provide guidance for national and international EMTs caring for patients in disasters and conflicts. The content is a result of expert consensus, literature review, and an iterative process designed to encourage debate and resolution of existing open questions within the field of disaster and conflict medical response.The end result of this process is a text providing guidance to providers seeking to deliver safe, effective care within the EMT framework that is now part of the EMT training and verification system and is being distributed to ICRC teams deploying to the field.This work seeks to encourage professionalization of the field of disaster and conflict response, and to contribute to the existing EMT framework, in order to provide for better care for future victims of disaster and conflict.Jensen G, Bar-On E, Wiedler JT, Hautz SC, Veen H, Kay AR, Norton I, Gosselin RA, von Schreeb J. Improving management of limb injuries in disasters and conflicts. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(3):330–334.

26th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent (Geneva, 3–7 December 1995)

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (310) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Keyword(s):  
International Federation ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
First Time

The 26th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent was held in Geneva from 3 to 7 December 1995. It was organized jointly, for the first time, by the ICRC and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and brought together approximately 1,200 delegates representing 143 States party to the Geneva Conventions, 166 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, the ICRC, and the Federation, as well as 68 governmental and non-governmental organizations and emergent National Societies attending as observers.

Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts - Conference of Government Experts: Second Session

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (135) ◽  
pp. 316-325
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Medical Transport

It will be recalled that a Conference of Government Experts, convened by the ICRC, met in Geneva from 24 May to 11 June 1971. At the closing meeting, the President of the International Committee announced that the ICRC had decided to convene a second session in the following year.This session opened in Geneva on 3 May 1972 and closed early in June. It was attended by about 400 experts delegated by seventyseven governments. The Conference was also followed by United Nations observers, nine technical experts in problems of medical transport, ten observers from non-governmental organizations, the League of Red Cross Societies, and several National Societies.

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