5 The Cultural Context of the New Testament: The Graeco-Roman World

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Y. MacDonald

The references to children and the child–parent relationship in the New Testament household codes (Col 3:20–21; Eph 6:1–4) have received little attention from scholars. Yet recent, cross-disciplinary interest in the study of children and childhood invites us to consider these exhortations afresh. In particular, current research in Roman Family Studies has led to greater appreciation of the multifaceted circumstances of children, raising new questions about the children who were addressed directly in the household codes of Colossians and Ephesians. Two themes are especially important to consider: (1) overlapping categories of identity tied especially to the complex structures of a slave-holding society; and (2) the household as a locus for education throughout the life course. Informed by current research on children and childhood, the household codes appear to be even more significant than was previously thought for understanding the place of house churches in the Roman imperial world. Les références aux enfants et la relation parent-enfant dans les codes domestiques du Nouveau Testament (Col 3.20–21; Ép 6.1–4) ont reçu peu d’attention des chercheurs. Pourtant, récemment, l’intérêt interdisciplinaire dans l’étude des enfants et de l’enfance nous invite à reconsidérer ces exhortations. En particulier, la recherche actuelle en études familiales romaines a conduit à une plus grande appréciation de la situation des enfants à multiples facettes, ce qui soulève de nouvelles questions sur les enfants qui ont été adressées directement dans les codes domestiques de Colossiens et Ephésiens. Deux thèmes sont particulièrement importants à considérer: (1) catégories qui se recoupent d’identité liée en particulier aux structures complexes d’une société esclavagiste, et (2) la maison comme un lieu d’éducation tout au long du cycle de la vie. Informé par la recherche actuelle sur les enfants et l’enfance, les codes domestiques semblent être encore plus importants qu’on ne le pensait pour comprendre la place des églises de maison dans le monde romain impérial.


Author(s):  
David Wheeler-Reed

This chapter maintains that two ideologies concerning marriage and sex pervade the New Testament writings. One ideology codifies a narrative that argues against marriage, and perhaps, sexual intercourse, and the other retains the basic cultural values of the upper classes of the Greco-Roman world. These two ideologies are termed “profamily” and “antifamily.” The chapter proceeds in a chronological fashion starting with 1 Thessalonians, 1 Corinthians, and Mark. It concludes by examining Matthew, Luke, the Pastoral Epistles, and the Acts of Paul and Thecla.


2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Rodríguez

This study addresses the need for a missiological Christology informed by the sociohistorical and cultural context of Mexican-Americans. The author analyzes the contribution and relevancy of Christologies elaborated around the “Galilean identity” of Jesus, but argues that from an evangelical perspective, Jesus' Galilean identity does not adequately interpret the meaning of the passion and vindication of Christ. This study demonstrates that a Christology developed around the “Rejected Stone” passages found in the New Testament relates the ministry and passion of Jesus Christ in a contextually relevant way to Mexican-Americans. The author also explores the missiological implications of the proposed Christology.


1996 ◽  
Vol 52 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Van der Meulen

'Becoming like a child'. Like what child?. 'Becoming like a child' is an idea often expressed in the New Testament in connection with the following of Jesus. However, the meaning of this phrase is not so clear.  It has' to be understood in its cultural context. The author seeks to clarify that cultural context by discussing the culture-related views of childhood in biblical - especially New Testament -times as these are refelcted in biblical, Qumran and early rabbinic literature.


Author(s):  
Susan E. Hylen

This chapter briefly summarizes the book and its implications for interpreters of the New Testament. The book has argued that conventional virtues like modesty, industry, and loyalty did not negate women’s capacities to own property and act as patrons. Social norms were multiple and complex, and could be applied in different ways depending on the circumstances. Thus, social practices of the period made room for women to exert influence and become leaders and officeholders in their communities. A “modest” woman might be an acknowledged and widely sought leader of her city. This understanding of the cultural context may yield new interpretations of familiar New Testament material. The historical background does not force one single interpretation of any text; readers still face many exegetical decisions. However, the chapter identifies some of the broad implications of the study for New Testament interpretation.


1930 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Casper J. Kraemer, ◽  
Lionel R. M. Strachan ◽  
Adolf Deissmann

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