In the late 1580s, a controversy erupted that would devastate Broughton’s career and haunt him for the rest of his days. The source of this agitation was a short chronological pamphlet, A Concent of Scripture, which was published by Broughton in 1589 and attacked in the lectures of the Oxford theologian John Rainolds. This chapter explores how this seemingly unassuming work could provoke such intense conflict, locating the roots of the dispute in the overlap between the dynamic but difficult world of biblical chronology and the combative arena of academic theology. Influenced by the damning verdicts passed by Broughton’s antagonists, modern historians have dismissed Broughton’s Concent as motivated solely by zealous biblicism, a reaction against the daringly innovative work of the chronologer Joseph Scaliger, whose methods were upheld by Rainolds. In contrast, this chapter details the rich tradition of reformed Hebraism in which Broughton’s chronological work was situated, and outlines the manifold disciplines, from the study of rabbinic literature to biblical translation, to which it contributed. It argues that at the heart of this controversy lay not technical questions about chronological method, but larger questions about biblical exegesis and hermeneutics. It also begins to illustrate some of the dangers that faced the early modern scholar who attempted to traverse the perilous terrain of biblical history, by showing how Rainolds’ lectures and the controversy they propagated made dangerous associations between Broughton’s work and crypto-Catholicism.