scholarly journals Just walk away: Gaze aversions as an overt attentional disengagement mechanism

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Dekel Abeles ◽  
Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Walk Away ◽  
Attentional Disengagement

Attentional Bias Among Adolescents Who Stutter: Evidence for a Vigilance–Avoidance Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 3349-3363
Author(s):  
Naomi H. Rodgers ◽  
Jennifer Y. F. Lau ◽  
Patricia M. Zebrowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Attentional Disengagement ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
Facial Stimuli ◽  
The Social ◽  
Attentional Engagement ◽  
High Social Anxiety

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine group and individual differences in attentional bias toward and away from socially threatening facial stimuli among adolescents who stutter and age- and sex-matched typically fluent controls. Method Participants included 86 adolescents (43 stuttering, 43 controls) ranging in age from 13 to 19 years. They completed a computerized dot-probe task, which was modified to allow for separate measurement of attentional engagement with and attentional disengagement from facial stimuli (angry, fearful, neutral expressions). Their response time on this task was the dependent variable. Participants also completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) and provided a speech sample for analysis of stuttering-like behaviors. Results The adolescents who stutter were more likely to engage quickly with threatening faces than to maintain attention on neutral faces, and they were also more likely to disengage quickly from threatening faces than to maintain attention on those faces. The typically fluent controls did not show any attentional preference for the threatening faces over the neutral faces in either the engagement or disengagement conditions. The two groups demonstrated equivalent levels of social anxiety that were both, on average, very close to the clinical cutoff score for high social anxiety, although degree of social anxiety did not influence performance in either condition. Stuttering severity did not influence performance among the adolescents who stutter. Conclusion This study provides preliminary evidence for a vigilance–avoidance pattern of attentional allocation to threatening social stimuli among adolescents who stutter.

Performance of the IDS-iSYS “walk away” immunoassay system for the assessment of immunity to rubella virus and cytomegalovirus

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. S42
Author(s):  
M. Baccard Longere ◽  
J. Lupo ◽  
J. Tolenaere ◽  
C. Delmas ◽  
P. Morand
Keyword(s):  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Walk Away

scholarly journals The costly prestige ranking of scholarly journals

Ravnetrykk ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bård Smedsrød ◽  
Leif Longva
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Walk Away ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Scholarly Community ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Licensing Deal

The prestige ranking of scholarly journals is costly to science and to society. Researchers’ payoff in terms of career progress is determined largely from where they publish their findings, and less from the content of their scholarly work. This fact creates perverted incentives for the researchers. Valuable research time is spent in trying to satisfy reviewers and editors, rather than spending their time in the most productive direction. This in turn leads to unnecessary long time from research findings are made until they become public. This costly system is upheld by the scholarly community itself. Scholars supply the journals with time, serving as reviewers and editors without any paycheck asked, even though the bulk of scientific journals are published by big commercial enterprises enjoying super profit margins. The super profit results from expensive licensing deals with the scholarly institutions. The free labour offered, on top of the payment for the licensing deals, should be viewed as part of the payment to these publishers – a payment in kind. Why not use this as a negotiating chip towards the publishers? If a publisher asks more than acceptable for a licensing deal, rather than walk away with no deal, the scholarly institutions could pull out all the free labour offered by reviewers and editors.

scholarly journals Avoiding Math on a Rapid Timescale: Emotional Responsivity and Anxious Attention in Math Anxiety

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Pizzie ◽  
David J.M. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Attentional Disengagement ◽  
Attentional Deployment ◽  
Mathematical Symbols ◽  
Amygdala Response ◽  
Attentional Engagement ◽  
Attentional Avoidance ◽  
Threat Avoidance ◽  
Attentional Responses ◽  
Negative Feelings

AbstractMath anxiety (MA) is characterized by negative feelings towards mathematics, resulting in avoidance of math classes and of careers that rely on mathematical skills. Focused on a long timescale, this research may miss important cognitive and affective processes that operate moment-to-moment, changing rapid reactions even when a student simply sees a math problem. Here, using fMRI with an attentional deployment paradigm, we show that MA influences rapid spontaneous emotional and attentional responses to mathematical stimuli upon brief presentation. Critically, participants viewed but did not attempt to solve the problems. Indicating increased threat reactivity to even brief presentations of math problems, increased MA was associated with increased amygdala response during math viewing trials. Functionally and anatomically defined amygdala ROIs yielded similar results, indicating robustness of the finding. Similar to the pattern of vigilance and avoidance observed in specific phobia, behavioral results of the attentional paradigm demonstrated that MA is associated with attentional disengagement for mathematical symbols. This attentional avoidance is specific to math stimuli; when viewing negatively-valenced images, MA is correlated with attentional engagement, similar to other forms of anxiety. These results indicate that even brief exposure to mathematics triggers a neural response related to threat avoidance in highly MA individuals.

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