Cycles of Psychological Nigrescence

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Parham
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Cross Model ◽  
Black Person ◽  
Racial Identity Attitudes ◽  
Identity Attitudes ◽  
Life Cycle Process

This article is an attempt to expand the descriptive characteristics of the Cross model by discussing a theory of psychological Nigrescence that hypothesizes the changes in racial identity that a Black person can experience at various points in the life-cycle process. In this discussion, I will attempt to describe how various stages of racial identity are manifest at three periods of life: late adolescence/early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. I will conclude with a discussion of the implications for counseling Blacks who display varying degrees of racial identity attitudes.

Differentiation of Self and Racial Identity Attitudes

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
George V. Gushue ◽  
Lauren D. Fisher ◽  
Brenda X. Mejia ◽  
Min Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Differentiation Of Self ◽  
Racial Identity Attitudes ◽  
Identity Attitudes

Measuring 5-year-old Mexican-heritage children's ethnic-racial identity attitudes, centrality, and knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 101290
Author(s):  
Chelsea Derlan Williams ◽  
Adriana J. Umaña-Taylor ◽  
Kimberly A. Updegraff ◽  
Laudan B. Jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Mexican Heritage ◽  
Racial Identity Attitudes ◽  
Identity Attitudes

scholarly journals Influence of racial identity and information processing strategies on client conceptualization

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachael M. Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Counselor Training ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Counselors In Training ◽  
White Counselors ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Racial Identity Attitudes ◽  
Identity Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Measures

Several models exist that explain how counselors can more effectively work with racial/ethnic minority populations and how counselor characteristics (like racial identity) can impact the way counselors practice. Helms (1985) hypothesized that individuals operating in different statuses of racial identity will process racial information in ways characteristic of that status. Gushue and Carter (2000) found that the racial identity status of White participants was related to how they remembered stereotypical information about a hypothetical person. This study is an extension of Gushue and Carter's study with a sample of White counselors-in-training that investigated the relationship between participants' racial identity, their memory for racial stereotypes and their conceptualization of this client's presenting problems. Participants read a vignette about a Black hypothetical client and rated their conceptualization of his concerns. A week later, they completed a recognition task and racial identity attitude measures. Correlations indicated no relationship between racial identity attitudes scales and recognition of previously read stereotypical information, but did indicate that some racial identity attitudes were related to how the client was conceptualized. This finding reinforces the importance of multicultural counselor training. It is of great importance that counselors-in-training have opportunities to grow into the advanced stages of racial identity.

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