Acoustic Coupling to the Ears in Binaural Sensory Aids

The methods of coupling the echo signals from a continuous-wave, frequency-modulated, echo-ranging sonar system to the human auditory system are discussed in relation to the acoustic cortical image that can be formed. The author points out that a considerable amount of blurring and distortion of the image can occur when the miniature earphones are operated remote from the meatus without a coupling tube. Because of the deleterious effect of this blurring and distortion on the perceived image, any conclusions drawn from a set of experiments involving such a coupling are questionable.

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Derived Cochlear Nerve and Brainstem Evoked Responses of the Human Auditory System the Effect of Masking in the Derived Band

International Journal of Audiology ◽

10.3109/14992027809043135 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

D. J. Parker ◽

A. R. D. Thornton

Keyword(s):

Auditory System ◽

Cochlear Nerve ◽

Evoked Responses ◽

Human Auditory System

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Automated complex for recording and analyzing the evoked potentials of the human auditory system

Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1007/bf00556570 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 77-79

Author(s):

I. V. Marchuk ◽

A. N. Tsisarenko ◽

�. A. Bakai

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potentials ◽

Auditory System ◽

Human Auditory System

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An analogue VLSI model of periodicity extraction in the human auditory system

ICONIP'99. ANZIIS'99 & ANNES'99 & ACNN'99. 6th International Conference on Neural Information Processing. Proceedings (Cat. No.99EX378) ◽

10.1109/iconip.1999.843970 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. van Schaik

Keyword(s):

Auditory System ◽

Human Auditory System ◽

Analogue Vlsi

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Deafness-in-a-dish: modeling hereditary deafness with inner ear organoids

Human Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00439-021-02325-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel R. Romano ◽

Eri Hashino ◽

Rick F. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Inner Ear ◽

Auditory System ◽

Hearing Aids ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Hereditary Deafness ◽

Human Auditory System ◽

Human Inner Ear

AbstractSensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a major cause of functional disability in both the developed and developing world. While hearing aids and cochlear implants provide significant benefit to many with SNHL, neither targets the cellular and molecular dysfunction that ultimately underlies SNHL. The successful development of more targeted approaches, such as growth factor, stem cell, and gene therapies, will require a yet deeper understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of human hearing and deafness. Unfortunately, the human inner ear cannot be biopsied without causing significant, irreversible damage to the hearing or balance organ. Thus, much of our current understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of human deafness, and of the human auditory system more broadly, has been inferred from observational and experimental studies in animal models, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. In 2013, researchers described a protocol for the generation of inner ear organoids from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), which could serve as scalable, high-fidelity alternatives to animal models. Here, we discuss the advantages and limitations of conventional models of the human auditory system, describe the generation and characteristics of PSC-derived inner ear organoids, and discuss several strategies and recent attempts to model hereditary deafness in vitro. Finally, we suggest and discuss several focus areas for the further, intensive characterization of inner ear organoids and discuss the translational applications of these novel models of the human inner ear.

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