scholarly journals The inevitable deservingness gap: A study into the insurmountable immigrant penalty in perceived welfare deservingness

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Reeskens ◽  
Tom van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
Vignette Experiment

As the asylum crisis hit Europe in tandem with the Great Recession, concerns about declining support for equal welfare provision to immigrants grow. Although studies on welfare deservingness show that immigrants are deemed least entitled to welfare compared to other target groups, they have fallen short of isolating welfare claimants’ identity (i.e. foreign origin) with competing deservingness criteria that might explain the immigrant deservingness gap. This article studies the importance of welfare claimants’ foreign origins relative to other theoretically relevant deservingness criteria via a unique vignette experiment among 23,000 Dutch respondents about their preferred levels of unemployment benefits. We show that foreign origin is among the three most important conditions for reduced solidarity, after labour market reintegration behaviour (reciprocity) and culpability for unemployment (control). Furthermore, favourable criteria do not close the gap between immigrants and natives in perceived deservingness, emphasizing the difficulty of overcoming the immigrant penalty in perceived welfare deservingness. We conclude our findings in the light of ongoing theoretical and political debates.

scholarly journals Crisis experiences and welfare attitudes during the Great Recession: A comparative study on the UK, Germany and Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-151
Author(s):  
Patrick Sachweh
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Welfare Attitudes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Other Regarding

What motivates welfare attitudes during economic crises? While existing research highlights self-interest, this conclusion rests on a predominant conceptualization of citizens’ crisis experiences as personal job loss. However, during economic downturns, people are likely to also witness colleagues or distant others being laid off, which might affect welfare attitudes for reasons beyond self-interest. This article analyses how personal job loss as well as that of colleagues and acquaintances during the Great Recession is related to welfare attitudes in the UK, Germany and Sweden, where welfare regimes and crisis policies differ systematically. Based on Eurobarometer data from 2010, the findings reveal that the importance of personal job loss as well as that of colleagues and acquaintances varies cross-nationally. In the liberal UK – with its modest crisis response – demand for greater public welfare provision is associated with personal job loss. In social-democratic Sweden – with its active crisis management – demand for greater welfare provision is associated with acquaintances’ job loss. In conservative Germany – with its labour market insider-focused crisis response – no clear picture emerges. These findings support a sociological perspective emphasizing the importance of other-regarding concerns for welfare attitudes and the role of institutions in structuring people’s self-interest and normative orientations.

Trends in the association of different forms of precarious employment and self-rated health in Germany. An analysis with the German Socio-Economic Panel between 1995 and 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1002-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo-Kolja Pförtner ◽  
Holger Pfaff ◽  
Kira Isabel Hower
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Labour Market Reforms ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
Perceived Job Insecurity

BackgroundPrecarious employment has increased in Germany by means of labour market flexibilisation throughout the 1990s and 2000s. In this study, trends in the association of self-rated health (SRH) with different dimensions of precarious employment by gender in Germany between 1995 and 2015 were assessed considering different periods of labour market reforms and the Great Recession.MethodsAnalyses were conducted using the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1995 to 2015. All employed individuals aged 18–67 years and living in private households were considered for analysis to examine the risks of poor SRH by low wage, working poverty, non-standard working time arrangements and perceived job insecurity by gender. Predicted probabilities, adjusted risk ratio (ARR), adjusted risk difference (ARD) and trends were examined using pooled interval logistic regression with individual-clustered standard errors.ResultsRelative and absolute differences in SRH rose significantly over time by perceived job insecurity for men, but not for women. Working poverty appeared to be significantly associated with SRH in the Great Recession and the post-Recession period for both gender. Non-standard working time arrangements were not significantly associated with SRH for both gender, and low wage appeared to be significantly associated with SRH only for men in the post-Recession period.ConclusionsThe results highlighted the relevance of labour market reforms of deregulation and flexibilisation in Germany to differences in SRH by specific forms of precarious employment and gender differences in the impact of labour market reforms on precarious employment and health.

scholarly journals Mismatch on the Dutch Labour Market in the Great Recession

De Economist ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Erken ◽  
Eric van Loon ◽  
Wouter Verbeek
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
The Great Recession

Employment Policy in Spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 577-592
Author(s):  
Mariely López-Santana
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Territorial Organization

This chapter provides an overview of the emergence, consolidation, recalibration, and liberalization of employment policies in Spain. By identifying five developmental periods, it reviews transformations in the nature and regulation of labour market policies from the early 1900s to the mid-2010s. In addition, it explores changes in the territorial organization and governance of labour-market policies with a focus on decentralization, (re-) centralization, and delegation reforms. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of the Great Recession on Spanish labour market policies and structures, including its dualized labour market. All in all, the chapter sheds much light on the nature and changes of the Spanish welfare state since the early twentieth century.

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