Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Disorders of Extreme Stress (DESNOS) Symptoms Following Prostitution and Childhood Abuse

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 933-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjung Choi ◽  
Carolin Klein ◽  
Min-Sup Shin ◽  
Hoon-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Disorders Of Extreme Stress

Dissociative Symptomatology in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Disorders of Extreme Stress

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marla Zucker ◽  
Joseph Spinazzola ◽  
Margaret Blaustein ◽  
Bessel A. van der Kolk
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Disorders Of Extreme Stress

Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder?

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Pratchett ◽  
Rachel Yehuda
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Early Life Trauma ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe effects of childhood abuse are diverse, and although pathology is not the only outcome, psychiatric illness, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can develop. However, adult PTSD is less common among those who experienced single-event traumas as children than it is among those who experienced childhood abuse. In addition, PTSD is more common among adults than children who experienced childhood abuse. Such evidence raises doubt about the direct, causal link between childhood trauma and adult PTSD. The experience of childhood trauma, and in particular abuse, has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent development of PTSD following exposure to adult trauma, and a substantial literature identifies revictimization as a factor that plays a pivotal role in this trajectory. The literature on the developmental effects of childhood abuse and pathways to revictimization, when considered in tandem with the biological effects of early stress in animal models, may provide some explanations for this. Specifically, it seems possible that permanent sensitization of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and behavioral outcomes are a consequence of childhood abuse, and these combine with the impact of retraumatization to sustain, perpetuate, and amplify symptomatology of those exposed to maltreatment in childhood.

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