scholarly journals Higher estimated net endogenous acid production with lower intake of fruits and vegetables based on a dietary survey is associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Toba ◽  
Michihiro Hosojima ◽  
Hideyuki Kabasawa ◽  
Shoji Kuwahara ◽  
Toshiko Murayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Net Endogenous Acid Production ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

Abstract Background Dietary acid load has been suggested to mediate the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear what kinds of foods are actually associated with dietary acid load in patients with CKD. The self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ), which semi-quantitatively assesses the dietary habits of Japanese individuals through 150 question items, can estimate average daily intake of various foods and nutrients during the previous month. Using the DHQ, we investigated the association of dietary acid load with CKD progression. We also analyzed the kinds of food that significantly affect dietary acid load. Methods Subjects were 96 outpatients with CKD (average estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], 53.0 ± 18.1 ml/min/1.73 m2) at Niigata University Hospital, who had completed the DHQ in 2011. We calculated net endogenous acid production (NEAP) from potassium and protein intake evaluated by the DHQ in order to assess dietary acid load. CKD progression was assessed by comparing eGFR between 2008 and 2014. Results NEAP was not correlated with protein intake (r = 0.088, p = 0.398), but was negatively correlated with potassium intake (r = − 0.748, p < 0.001). Reduction in eGFR from 2008 to 2014 was estimated to be significantly greater in patients with higher NEAP (NEAP > 50.1 mEq/day, n = 45) than in those with lower NEAP (NEAP ≤50.1 mEq/day, n = 50) by 5.9 (95% confidence interval [95%CI], 0.1 to 11.6) ml/min/1.73 m2. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, higher NEAP was significantly associated with lower intake of fruits (odds ratio [OR], 6.454; 95%CI, 2.19 to 19.00), green and yellow vegetables (OR, 5.18; 95%CI, 1.83 to14.66), and other vegetables (OR, 3.87; 95%CI, 1.29 to 11.62). Conclusions Elevated NEAP could be a risk factor for CKD progression. Low intake of fruits and vegetables would increase dietary acid load and might affect the progression of renal dysfunction in Japanese CKD patients.

scholarly journals The Serum Metabolome Identifies Biomarkers of Dietary Acid Load in 2 Studies of Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey M Rebholz ◽  
Aditya Surapaneni ◽  
Andrew S Levey ◽  
Mark J Sarnak ◽  
Lesley A Inker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Net Endogenous Acid Production ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

ABSTRACT Background Dietary acid load is a clinically important aspect of the diet that reflects the balance between acid-producing foods, for example, meat and cheese, and base-producing foods, for example, fruits and vegetables. Methods We used metabolomics to identify blood biomarkers of dietary acid load in 2 independent studies of chronic kidney disease patients: the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK, n = 689) and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD, n = 356) study. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the cross-sectional association between serum metabolites whose identity was known (outcome) and dietary acid load (exposure), estimated with net endogenous acid production (NEAP) based on 24-h urine urea nitrogen and potassium, and adjusted for age, sex, race, randomization group, measured glomerular filtration rate, log-transformed urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, history of cardiovascular disease, BMI, and smoking status. Results Out of the 757 known, nondrug metabolites identified in AASK, 26 were significantly associated with NEAP at the Bonferroni threshold for significance (P < 6.6 × 10−5). Twenty-three of the 26 metabolites were also identified in the MDRD study, and 13 of the 23 (57%) were significantly associated with NEAP (P < 2.2 × 10−3), including 5 amino acids (S-methylmethionine, indolepropionylglycine, indolepropionate, N-methylproline, N-δ-acetylornithine), 2 cofactors and vitamins (threonate, oxalate), 1 lipid (chiro-inositol), and 5 xenobiotics (methyl glucopyranoside, stachydrine, catechol sulfate, hippurate, and tartronate). Higher levels of all 13 replicated metabolites were associated with lower NEAP in both AASK and the MDRD study. Conclusion Metabolomic profiling of serum specimens from kidney disease patients in 2 study populations identified 13 replicated metabolites associated with dietary acid load. Additional studies are needed to validate these compounds in healthy populations. These 13 compounds may potentially be used as objective markers of dietary acid load in future nutrition research studies.

Association of dietary acid load with serum bicarbonate in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (S1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Larissa Rodrigues Neto Angeloco ◽  
Gabriela Cristina Arces de Souza ◽  
Elen Almeida Romão ◽  
Lynda Frassetto ◽  
Paula Garcia Chiarello
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Bicarbonate ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

scholarly journals Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease in elderly adults: Protein and potassium intake

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e0185069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Joon Ko ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
Seungho Ryu ◽  
Eun Mi Kim ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

Dietary acid load, kidney function and risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manije Darooghegi Mofrad ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Leila Azadbakht
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

Abstract. Aim: Study findings examining the association between dietary acid load (DAL), kidney function and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are inconsistent and there has been no meta-analysis on the relationship between DAL, kidney function and risk of CKD, hence we investigated this association in this paper. Methods: PubMed, ISI web of science and Scopus were searched up to January 2018 to identify all relevant articles. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled in random- effect model using the Der Simonian-Laird method. The I2 index was used to assess the amount of heterogeneity. Result: Twenty three studies with 200092 subjects were included. Meta-analysis of 9 observational studies showed that DAL had a positive significant association with risk of CKD (1.31; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.62; P = 0.011). Furthermore, increased DAL can decrease urine pH (−0.47; 95% CI: −0.85, −0.08; P = 0.017) significantly. Subgroup analysis could not identify the sources of heterogeneity about the association of DAL and risk of CKD. However, it showed the method of measurement was the source of heterogeneity about the association of DAL and urine pH (24 h urine pH: −0.62; 95% CI: −0.70, −0.54; P < 0.0001; Fasting urine pH: −0.08; 95% CI: −0.18, 0.02; P = 0.111). Conclusion: Our study showed that DAL can increase the risk of CKD and have an inverse association with urine pH.

Metabolomics of Dietary Acid Load and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Tariq ◽  
Jingsha Chen ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Eric Boerwinkle ◽  
Josef Coresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Incident Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

scholarly journals Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanushree Banerjee ◽  
◽  
Deidra C Crews ◽  
Donald E Wesson ◽  
Anca Tilea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

scholarly journals Dietary Acid Load and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from the ARIC Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey M. Rebholz ◽  
Josef Coresh ◽  
Morgan E. Grams ◽  
Lyn M. Steffen ◽  
Cheryl A.M. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Dietary Acid Load ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Dietary Acid ◽  
Acid Load

Background: Higher dietary acid load can result in metabolic acidosis and is associated with faster kidney disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the relationship between dietary acid load and incident CKD has not been evaluated. Methods: We conducted prospective analyses of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants without CKD at baseline (1987-1989, n = 15,055). Dietary acid load was estimated using the equation for potential renal acid load by Remer and Manz, incorporating dietary intake data from a food frequency questionnaire. Incident CKD was assessed from baseline through 2010 and defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 accompanied by 25% eGFR decline, CKD-related hospitalization or death or end-stage renal disease identified by linkage to the US Renal Data System registry. Results: In the overall study population, 55% were female, 26% were African-American and mean age at baseline was 54 years. During a median follow-up of 21 years, there were 2,351 (15.6%) incident CKD cases. After adjusting for demographics (age, sex, race-center), established risk factors (diabetes status, hypertension status, overweight/obese status, smoking status, education level, physical activity), caloric intake and baseline eGFR, higher dietary acid load were associated with higher risk of incident CKD (hazard ratio [HR] for quartile 4 vs. 1: 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.28, p for trend = 0.02; HR per interquartile range increase: 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.11, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Dietary acid load is associated with incident CKD in a population-based sample. These data suggest a potential avenue for CKD risk reduction through diet.

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